Aquaporin (AQP) water channels are believed to have a key role in the urinary concentrating mechanism and the pathophysiology of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI). The kidney expresses at least 4 AQPs: AQP1 in proximal tubule, TDLH, and vasa recta; AQP2 in the apical membrane of principal cells in the collecting duct; and AQP3 and AQP4 in the basolateral membrane of the same cells.
Specific Aim 1 will define the role of AQPs in the urinary concentrating mechanism using transgenic knockout mice. Our lab developed the first transgenic mouse models to study water channel function-AQP1 and AQP4 knockout mice. These and AQP3 null mice will be used to define quantitatively the role of AQPs in renal water clearance. Renal function will be evaluated by urine/serum chemistries, isolated tubule and vasa recta microperfusion, and micropuncture.
Specific Aim 2 will characterize the cellular defect in hereditary NDI and test a novel therapeutic strategy. Preliminary data indicate that AQP2 mutations cause NDI by heterogeneous mechanisms involving defective AQP2 water channel function, accelerated degradation, and defective intracellular processing with ER retention. Transfected cells expressing NDI-causing AQP2 mutants will be used to characterize AQP2 misfolding, degradation mechanisms, and interactions with molecular chaperones. A mouse model of NDI will be developed and used to evaluate the efficacy of chemical chaperones to correct defective AQP2 function in NDI.
Specific Aim 3 will utilize novel biophysical methods to analyze specific aspects of AQP structure and function. Green fluorescent protein (GFP)-AQP chimeras will be used to define AQP mobility and association state in membranes and the cell biology of AQP2 trafficking. Methods will include fluorescence photobleaching recovery, energy transfer, and ratio imaging. Also, specific water/solute transporting properties (Pd, s s) of mammalian AQPs will be measured.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Method to Extend Research in Time (MERIT) Award (R37)
Project #
5R37DK035124-16
Application #
6517082
Study Section
General Medicine B Study Section (GMB)
Program Officer
Ketchum, Christian J
Project Start
1986-01-01
Project End
2004-03-31
Budget Start
2002-04-01
Budget End
2003-03-31
Support Year
16
Fiscal Year
2002
Total Cost
$389,216
Indirect Cost
Name
University of California San Francisco
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
073133571
City
San Francisco
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
94143
Smith, Alex J; Verkman, Alan S (2018) The ""glymphatic"" mechanism for solute clearance in Alzheimer's disease: game changer or unproven speculation? FASEB J 32:543-551
Tradtrantip, Lukmanee; Felix, Christian M; Spirig, Rolf et al. (2018) Recombinant IgG1 Fc hexamers block cytotoxicity and pathological changes in experimental in vitro and rat models of neuromyelitis optica. Neuropharmacology 133:345-353
Agbani, Ejaife O; Williams, Christopher M; Li, Yong et al. (2018) Aquaporin-1 regulates platelet procoagulant membrane dynamics and in vivo thrombosis. JCI Insight 3:
Verkman, Alan S; Smith, Alex J; Phuan, Puay-Wah et al. (2017) The aquaporin-4 water channel as a potential drug target in neurological disorders. Expert Opin Ther Targets 21:1161-1170
Yao, Xiaoming; Verkman, Alan S (2017) Marked central nervous system pathology in CD59 knockout rats following passive transfer of Neuromyelitis optica immunoglobulin G. Acta Neuropathol Commun 5:15
Lee, Sujin; Phuan, Puay-Wah; Felix, Christian M et al. (2017) Nanomolar-Potency Aminophenyl-1,3,5-triazine Activators of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) Chloride Channel for Prosecretory Therapy of Dry Eye Diseases. J Med Chem 60:1210-1218
Verkman, Alan S; Tradtrantip, Lukmanee; Smith, Alex J et al. (2017) Aquaporin Water Channels and Hydrocephalus. Pediatr Neurosurg 52:409-416
Smith, Alex J; Yao, Xiaoming; Dix, James A et al. (2017) Test of the 'glymphatic' hypothesis demonstrates diffusive and aquaporin-4-independent solute transport in rodent brain parenchyma. Elife 6:
Tradtrantip, Lukmanee; Yao, Xiaoming; Su, Tao et al. (2017) Bystander mechanism for complement-initiated early oligodendrocyte injury in neuromyelitis optica. Acta Neuropathol 134:35-44
Tradtrantip, Lukmanee; Jin, Bjung-Ju; Yao, Xiaoming et al. (2017) Aquaporin-Targeted Therapeutics: State-of-the-Field. Adv Exp Med Biol 969:239-250

Showing the most recent 10 out of 431 publications