One striking form of plasticity in the adult brain is the ongoing process of neurogenesis in discrete brain regions of almost all mammals examined to date, including humans. In the adult hippocampus, new neurons arising from resident neural stem cells play important roles in many adaptive behaviors, including learning, memory, homeostatic stress responses and mood regulation. Accumulating evidence also suggests that adult neurogenesis is involved or altered in many pathological conditions, such as epilepsy, developmental psychiatric disorders and degenerative neurological diseases. Therefore, understanding the basic mechanisms of adult neurogenesis may provide clues regarding the etiology and pathology of these mental disorders, and potential novel therapies. While the field has made tremendous progress during past decades, there are major gaps in our understanding of adult neurogenesis that must be addressed to harness the endogenous plasticity and regenerative capacity of the adult brain for functional enhancement or repair after injury or diseases. One fundamental question in stem cell biology is whether and how niche signals calibrate the number of functional progeny based on local tissue demands. As adult hippocampal neurogenesis occurs within a dynamic neuronal network, local circuit activity could serve as an effective readout of current tissue demands and provide a signal to fine tune the neurogenic process. Our central hypothesis is that the neurotransmitter GABA is a dynamic niche factor that couples activation of specific neuronal circuitry to regulation of distinct stepsof adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Previous studies have established a critical role for depolarizing GABA signaling in regulating development of post-mitotic newborn neurons during adult neurogenesis. However, whether GABA also regulates neural stem cells and proliferative neural progeny is largely unknown and there is little data on the function of inhibitory GABA signaling during adult neurogenesis. Aided by new technologies for clonal analysis of individual quiescent neural stem cells and optogenetic manipulation of specific interneuron subtypes, we will investigate the niche source of GABA and the role of local interneuron circuitry in regulatingthree critical steps of adult hippocampal neurogenesis in vivo, including individual stem cell activation, survival of proliferating progeny, and integration of GABAergic and glutamatergic signaling as newborn neurons mature. Our proposed studies will address fundamental questions in adult neural stem cell biology and neurogenesis. Basic principles learned from these studies may be generalizable to the fields of stem cell and developmental biology, neural plasticity and regenerative medicine.
This project aims to address outstanding questions regarding the role of neural activity in regulating adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Findings from these studies may have important implications for the field of stem cell biology and the development of novel therapeutic strategies to treat brain injury and neurodegenerative disease using endogenous or transplanted neural stem cells.
Shi, Hailing; Zhang, Xuliang; Weng, Yi-Lan et al. (2018) m6A facilitates hippocampus-dependent learning and memory through YTHDF1. Nature 563:249-253 |
Ye, Fei; Kang, Eunchai; Yu, Chuan et al. (2017) DISC1 Regulates Neurogenesis via Modulating Kinetochore Attachment of Ndel1/Nde1 during Mitosis. Neuron 96:1041-1054.e5 |
Yoon, Ki-Jun; Song, Guang; Qian, Xuyu et al. (2017) Zika-Virus-Encoded NS2A Disrupts Mammalian Cortical Neurogenesis by Degrading Adherens Junction Proteins. Cell Stem Cell 21:349-358.e6 |
Shao, Lisha; Lu, Binyan; Wen, Zhexing et al. (2017) Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia-1 (DISC1) protein disturbs neural function in multiple disease-risk pathways. Hum Mol Genet 26:2634-2648 |
Yoon, Ki-Jun; Ringeling, Francisca Rojas; Vissers, Caroline et al. (2017) Temporal Control of Mammalian Cortical Neurogenesis by m6A Methylation. Cell 171:877-889.e17 |
Gebara, Elias; Bonaguidi, Michael Anthony; Beckervordersandforth, Ruth et al. (2016) Heterogeneity of Radial Glia-Like Cells in the Adult Hippocampus. Stem Cells 34:997-1010 |
Song, Juan; Olsen, Reid H J; Sun, Jiaqi et al. (2016) Neuronal Circuitry Mechanisms Regulating Adult Mammalian Neurogenesis. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 8: |
Zeng, Yaxue; Yao, Bing; Shin, Jaehoon et al. (2016) Lin28A Binds Active Promoters and Recruits Tet1 to Regulate Gene Expression. Mol Cell 61:153-60 |
Yao, Bing; Christian, Kimberly M; He, Chuan et al. (2016) Epigenetic mechanisms in neurogenesis. Nat Rev Neurosci 17:537-49 |
Qian, Xuyu; Nguyen, Ha Nam; Song, Mingxi M et al. (2016) Brain-Region-Specific Organoids Using Mini-bioreactors for Modeling ZIKV Exposure. Cell 165:1238-1254 |
Showing the most recent 10 out of 53 publications