The Pediatric HIV AIDS Cohort Study addresses two critical research questions: (1) the consequences of fetal and infant exposure to antiretroviral therapy (ART) when used to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1, and (2) the clinical course of perinatal HIV infection among children as they proceed through adolescence towards adulthood. These questions are being addressed through two separate protocols being conducted at multiple sites in the US and Puerto Rico.
The specific aim of the SMARTT Study is, among HIV-exposed infants, to define the short and long-term safety of ART exposure. To accomplish this, HIV-uninfected children born to infected mothers are evaluated prospectively for growth, neurodevelopment, cardiac and other end-organ function. Children with abnormalities will be further evaluated to determine if they result from ART toxicity, with particular emphasis on mitochondrial dysfunction.
The specific aims of AMP are, among a cohort of pre-adolescents and adolescents with perinatal HIV (1) to define the impact of HIV infection and ART on: growth and development;sexual maturation;pubertal development;development of risk factors for cardiovascular disease;cognitive, academic, vocational, sexual, and social functioning;mental health;and risk taking behavior including substance use. (2) to identify infectious and non-infectious complication of HIV disease and ART therapy, including end organ disease (neurologic, renal, pulmonary, bone) and nutritional and metabolic abnormalities. (3) to study genetic, epigenetic, virologic (including antiretroviral resistance), and immunologic factors which impact the course of HIV infection, its complications and response to treatment. In both protocols, subjects and their primary caregivers are prospectively evaluated according to a standardized protocol. Both utilize a strategy of triggered evaluations, with specific abnormal findings leading to additional evaluations to characterize the abnormality. Repository specimens are collected for further biochemical and genetic testing.

Public Health Relevance

Defining the safety of preventive ART during pregnancy - including the safety of individual drugs - is necessary to define the safest strategy to prevent mother-to-transmission of HIV. Perinatal HIV has become a chronic condition, and an understanding of the long-term outcomes of the infection and its treatment is necessary to provide care for these children.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD)
Type
Research Project--Cooperative Agreements (U01)
Project #
5U01HD052104-08
Application #
8305553
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZHD1-DSR-A (06))
Program Officer
Mofenson, Lynne M
Project Start
2005-09-30
Project End
2015-07-31
Budget Start
2012-08-01
Budget End
2013-07-31
Support Year
8
Fiscal Year
2012
Total Cost
$977,455
Indirect Cost
$285,613
Name
Tulane University
Department
Pediatrics
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
053785812
City
New Orleans
State
LA
Country
United States
Zip Code
70118
Innes, Steve; Patel, Kunjal (2018) Noncommunicable diseases in adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV-1 infection in high-income and low-income settings. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 13:187-195
Rice, Mabel L; Russell, Jonathan S; Frederick, Toni et al. (2018) Risk for Speech and Language Impairments in Preschool Age HIV-exposed Uninfected Children With In Utero Combination Antiretroviral Exposure. Pediatr Infect Dis J 37:678-685
Williams, Paige L; Correia, Katharine; Karalius, Brad et al. (2018) Cardiac status of perinatally HIV-infected children: assessing combination antiretroviral regimens in observational studies. AIDS 32:2337-2346
Starr, Jacqueline R; Huang, Yanmei; Lee, Kyu Ha et al. (2018) Oral microbiota in youth with perinatally acquired HIV infection. Microbiome 6:100
Rough, Kathryn; Seage 3rd, George R; Williams, Paige L et al. (2018) Birth Outcomes for Pregnant Women with HIV Using Tenofovir-Emtricitabine. N Engl J Med 378:1593-1603
Bansal, Neha; Barach, Paul; Amdani, Shahnawaz M et al. (2018) When is early septal myectomy in children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy justified? Transl Pediatr 7:362-366
Goodenough, Christopher J; Patel, Kunjal; Van Dyke, Russell B et al. (2018) Is There a Higher Risk of Mother-to-child Transmission of HIV Among Pregnant Women With Perinatal HIV Infection? Pediatr Infect Dis J 37:1267-1270
Jao, J; Yu, W; Patel, K et al. (2018) Improvement in lipids after switch to boosted atazanavir or darunavir in children/adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV on older protease inhibitors: results from the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study. HIV Med 19:175-183
Harris, Lynnette L; Chernoff, Miriam C; Nichols, Sharon L et al. (2018) Prospective memory in youth with perinatally-acquired HIV infection. Child Neuropsychol 24:938-958
Lipshultz, Steven E (2018) Letter by Lipshultz Regarding Article, ""Anthracycline Cardiotoxicity: Worrisome Enough to Have You Quaking?"" Circ Res 122:e62-e63

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