The neurokinin-1 antagonists (SP antagonist) CP96,345 and aprepitant inhibit HIV infectivity of monocytederived macrophages, derived from healthy individuals and studied in ex vivo cell cultures. We have extended these findings to a two-week in vivo setting in a Phase IB clinical trial (IND 75558 Clinical Trial NCT00428519) in HIV-infected subjects with detectable viral loads and CCR5 HIV strains, and we are awaiting the results of this ongoing blinded clinical trial. The proposed study of NKIR antagonists will be performed using peripheral blood samples to be obtained through recruitment with another NIMH funded study (R01-MH082670, 2008-2013, """"""""Depression, Antidepressants and HIV infectivity"""""""") in ex vivo cells obtained from depressed and non-depressed HlV-negative men and women. The goal is to determine whether depression alters susceptibility of cells to HIV infectivity ex vivo. In our long-standing investigations, we have observed differences in resopnise to NKIR antagonists (CP96,345 and aprepitant) related to susceptibility of monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) from healthy donors to viral challenge. In this project, we will further investigate anti-viral activity of selected NKI R antagonists targeted against cells from HIV-infected individuals and cells investigated ex viVo from individuals with different levels of depression as determined by Hamilton Depression scales and other standard psychiatric measures. We hypothesize that aprepitant inhibits HIV entry and replication in MDMs. We further hypothesize that this effect is mediated through CCR5 down-regulation. We predict that MDMs from subjects with depression will be infected with an HIV ex vivo model more readily and will demonstrate better responses to NKIR antagonists compared with cells from non-depressed subjects. We further propose that Natural Killer cells from subjects with depression will have impaired Natural Killer cell functions relative to impaired ligation of inhibitory Natural Killer cell receptors and that treatment with NK1R antagonists will restore these functions. The ex vivo efficiacy of NKIR antagonists in cells from depressed subjects will be determined.

Public Health Relevance

The effects of a neurokinin-1 drug receptor antagonist (substance P preferring receptor), aprepitant, an HIVantiviral active and Natural Killer cell function improving drug, will be investigated in cells from depressed and non-depressed subjects. The potential anti-HIV activity and natural killer cell functional improvement in depression will be determined.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Type
Research Project--Cooperative Agreements (U01)
Project #
5U01MH090325-03
Application #
8303322
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZMH1)
Project Start
Project End
Budget Start
2011-08-01
Budget End
2012-07-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$209,788
Indirect Cost
Name
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Department
Type
DUNS #
073757627
City
Philadelphia
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
19104
Douglas, Steven D; Spitsin, Sergei (2017) Editorial: Gateway to monocyte entry into the brain: CXCR7, the new orchestra conductor. J Leukoc Biol 102:1155-1157
Spitsin, Sergei; Tebas, Pablo; Barrett, Jeffrey S et al. (2017) Antiinflammatory effects of aprepitant coadministration with cART regimen containing ritonavir in HIV-infected adults. JCI Insight 2:
Spitsin, Sergei; Meshki, John; Winters, Angela et al. (2017) Substance P-mediated chemokine production promotes monocyte migration. J Leukoc Biol 101:967-973
Douglas, Steven D (2016) Substance P and sickle cell disease-a marker for pain and novel therapeutic approaches. Br J Haematol 175:187-188
Barrett, Jeffrey S; Spitsin, Sergei; Moorthy, Ganesh et al. (2016) Pharmacologic rationale for the NK1R antagonist, aprepitant as adjunctive therapy in HIV. J Transl Med 14:148
McGuire, Jennifer L; Gill, Alexander J; Douglas, Steven D et al. (2015) Central and peripheral markers of neurodegeneration and monocyte activation in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. J Neurovirol 21:439-48
Tebas, Pablo; Spitsin, Sergei; Barrett, Jeffrey S et al. (2015) Reduction of soluble CD163, substance P, programmed death 1 and inflammatory markers: phase 1B trial of aprepitant in HIV-1-infected adults. AIDS 29:931-9
McGuire, Jennifer L; Kempen, John H; Localio, Russell et al. (2015) Immune markers predictive of neuropsychiatric symptoms in HIV-infected youth. Clin Vaccine Immunol 22:27-36
McGuire, Jennifer L; Barrett, Jeffrey S; Vezina, Heather E et al. (2014) Adjuvant therapies for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 1:938-52
Tuluc, Florin; Meshki, John; Spitsin, Sergei et al. (2014) HIV infection of macrophages is enhanced in the presence of increased expression of CD163 induced by substance P. J Leukoc Biol 96:143-50

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