Project 3, """"""""Airway Biology of Acute Environmental Asthma in Humans"""""""" will examine the effect of environmental endotoxin on acute exacerbation of asthma. Epidemiological studies have shown that environmental particulate matter (PM) and endotoxin (a component of PM) are associated with increased occurrences of asthma exacerbation and wheeze. Published reports from our group and others demonstrate that endotoxin induce an innate response in the airway characterized by changes in monocyte/macrophage biology and influx of airway neutrophils. We have also shown that these responses correlate well to expression of CD14 on airway macrophages. Low levels of endotoxin prime the airway such that response of allergic asthmatics to allergens is enhanced, and lead to the general hypothesis that priming of the airway by pollutants via innate immune mechanisms to respond to additional pollutants or allergens is a central process by which environmental asthma is initiated. Though it is clear that environmental endotoxin induces asthma exacerbation, there is a significant gap in knowledge regarding the mechanisms which modulate inflammation due to this environmental irritant. Recent preliminary data from our group suggest that IL-1 (3 is an important modulator of endotoxin induced events in the airway. The recently discovered members of the CATERPILLER family of immune regulatory proteins play an important role in regulating IL-1p induced inflammation and we hypothesize that CATERPILLER genes are important in regulating pollutant induced asthma. Signals from pathogen associated molecular patterns entities (such as endotoxin) activate cryopyrin and NALP1, and induce the loss of the negative regulator protein monarch-1. In addition to being activated by PAMPs, cryopyrin is activated by endogenous ligands such as ATP (which is released by inflamed/injured airway cells) after ligation to the P2X7 receptor. Projects 1 and 2 focus on the role that these molecules have in mediating airway responses to LPS, differences in these responses observed between allergen sensitized and naTve mice, and the priming effect of endotoxin on response to allergen.
This aims of this project will be to examine the effect of allergen and endotoxin-induced inflammation on expression of CATERPILLAR regulators, P2X7 receptors and other molecules which enhance innate and immune response by airway monocytes, granulocytes and epithelial cells in allergic asthmatics, the modification of response to LPS by allergic inflammation, and the effect of anti-inflammatory therapy on these processes.
| Hua, Xiaoyang; Naselsky, Warren C; Jania, Corey M et al. (2016) Mast Cell Deficiency Limits the Development of Chronic Rhinosinusitis in Mice. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 125:290-6 |
| Kang, Min-Jong; Yoon, Chang Min; Kim, Bo Hye et al. (2015) Suppression of NLRX1 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Clin Invest 125:2458-62 |
| Aleman, Maria M; Mills, Katherine; Almond, Martha et al. (2015) Reply: To PMID 25195169. J Allergy Clin Immunol 135:836-7 |
| Wu, Weidong; Wages, Phillip A; Devlin, Robert B et al. (2015) SRC-mediated EGF receptor activation regulates ozone-induced interleukin 8 expression in human bronchial epithelial cells. Environ Health Perspect 123:231-6 |
| Hernandez, Michelle L; Mills, Katherine; Almond, Martha et al. (2015) IL-1 receptor antagonist reduces endotoxin-induced airway inflammation in healthy volunteers. J Allergy Clin Immunol 135:379-85 |
| Aleman, Maria M; Kesic, Matthew J; Mills, Katherine H et al. (2015) The IL-1 axis is associated with airway inflammation after O3 exposure in allergic asthmatic patients. J Allergy Clin Immunol 136:1099-101.e2 |
| Bennett, William D; Alexis, Neil E; Almond, Martha et al. (2014) Effect of inhaled endotoxin on mucociliary clearance and airway inflammation in mild smokers and nonsmokers. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv 27:459-65 |
| Wu, Weidong; Muller, Robin; Berhane, Kiros et al. (2014) Inflammatory response of monocytes to ambient particles varies by highway proximity. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 51:802-9 |
| Fry, Rebecca C; Rager, Julia E; Bauer, Rebecca et al. (2014) Air toxics and epigenetic effects: ozone altered microRNAs in the sputum of human subjects. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 306:L1129-37 |
| Alexis, Neil E; Lay, John C; Zhou, Haibo et al. (2013) The glutathione-S-transferase mu 1 (GSTM1) null genotype and increased neutrophil response to low-level ozone (0.06 ppm). J Allergy Clin Immunol 131:610-2 |
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