Premature birth is the leading cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity worldwide. The Perinatology Research Branch has defined preterm labor as a syndrome and determined that at least 25% of all preterm births are born to women with sub-clinical intrauterine infection. Moreover, we have provided evidence that many premature neonates are critically ill before birth and proposed that the onset of premature labor has survival value in the context of intrauterine infection. The goal of this project is to understand the pathophysiology of premature labor and delivery and the focus of our research this year is to determine the role of maternal inflammation in premature labor, as well as the potential diagnostic and prognostic value of matrix metalloproteinase 8 (MMP-8) in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes and preterm premature rupture of membranes (PROM). Our work resulted in the following findings: 1. Normal pregnancy is associated with phenotypic and metabolic changes of granulocytes and monocytes consistent with activation of the cellular components of the innate immune response. This physiologic activation is proposed to be a compensatory mechanism to maintain host defense against infection when the adaptive component of the immune response is suppressed. These findings explain the susceptibility of pregnant women to microbial products. 2. Systemic maternal infection and preeclampsia (a leading cause of maternal death and indicated preterm delivery) are associated with evidence of activation of granulocytes and monocytes over that observed in normal pregnant women. These observations support a role for systemic inflammation in the mechanisms of disease of preeclampsia. 3. Preterm labor with intact membranes was associated with a significant increase in basal intracellular oxygen radical species as well as oxidative burst in monocytes and granulocytes. This suggests that the maternal immune system is involved in the mechanisms responsible for preterm labor even in the absence of demonstrable infection. 4. The amniotic fluid concentrations of MMP-8 were found to identify patients at risk for intraamniotic infection, inpending preterm delivery, and adverse neonatal outcome in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes, as well as in patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes. Thus, MMP-8 determinations may have diagnostic and prognostic value in clinical obstetrics.

Project Start
Project End
Budget Start
Budget End
Support Year
10
Fiscal Year
2001
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
U.S. National Inst/Child Hlth/Human Dev
Department
Type
DUNS #
City
State
Country
United States
Zip Code
Vaisbuch Md, Edi; Romero M D, Roberto; Erez, Offer et al. (2010) The clinical significance of early (<20 weeks ) versus late (20-24 weeks) detection of a sonographic short cervix in asymptomatic women in the mid-trimester. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol :
Mazaki-Tovi, Shali; Romero, Roberto; Vaisbuch, Edi et al. (2009) Maternal plasma visfatin in preterm labor. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med :1-12
Chaiworapongsa, Tinnakorn; Romero, Roberto; Gotsch, Francesca et al. (2009) Acute pyelonephritis during pregnancy changes the balance of angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors in maternal plasma. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med :1-12
Kusanovic, Juan Pedro; Romero, Roberto; Gotsch, Francesca et al. (2009) Discordant placental echogenicity: a novel sign of impaired placental perfusion in twin-twin transfusion syndrome? J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med :1-4
Erez, Offer; Romero, Roberto; Tarca, Adi et al. (2009) Differential expression pattern of genes encoding for anti-microbial peptides in the fetal membranes of patients with spontaneous preterm labor and intact membranes and those with preterm prelabor rupture of the membranes. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med :1-13
Hirsch, Emmet; Filipovich, Yana; Romero, Roberto (2009) Failure of E. coli bacteria to induce preterm delivery in the rat. J Negat Results Biomed 8:1
Tarca, Adi Laurentiu; Draghici, Sorin; Romero, Roberto (2009) Developing classifiers for the detection of cancer using multi-analytes. Methods Mol Biol 520:259-72
Imudia, Anthony N; Suzuki, Yoko; Kilburn, Brian A et al. (2009) Retrieval of trophoblast cells from the cervical canal for prediction of abnormal pregnancy: a pilot study. Hum Reprod 24:2086-92
Soto, Eleazar; Romero, Roberto; Richani, Karina et al. (2009) Evidence for complement activation in the amniotic fluid of women with spontaneous preterm labor and intra-amniotic infection. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med :1-10
Kusanovic, Juan Pedro; Romero, Roberto; Jodicke, Cristiano et al. (2009) Amniotic fluid soluble human leukocyte antigen-G in term and preterm parturition, and intra-amniotic infection/inflammation. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med :1-16

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