The long-term effects of in utero exposure to organochlorine compounds is of great potential importance. These compounds, which are detectable in nearly 100% of humans worldwide, have been linked to reduced neurodevelopment in children. In addition, p,p-DDE, the primary metabolite of DDT, is a weak estrogen, and an androgen receptor blocker at concentrations observed in humans.One objective of this project is to determine whether maternal serum concentration of DDE, obtained during pregnancy, is a risk factor for cryptorchidism, hypospadias and polythelia in male offspring. These malformations were chosen because they are markers of deficient androgen activity in utero. Other objectives are to determine whether in utero exposure to DDE is subsequently associated with an altered age at menarche in adolescent females and an increased risk of obesity in adolescent males, and whether in utero exposure to PCBs is associated with suboptimal muscle tone, reflexes, IQ and hearing during childhood.Work to date has demonstrated that these compounds can be recovered from the study population at relevant concentrations, and that the correlation between concentrations of these compounds in first and third trimester serum is sufficiently high to employ third-trimester serum as a surrogate for first-trimester exposure. Analysis of the concentrations of DDE and PCBs in serum for the main study will be complete, and analysis if the data will begin, early in FY 00. Serum analysis for the adolescent outcomes will begin in FY 00. - Organochlorine, polychlorinated biphenyls, DDE, biomarkers, pregnancy complications, congenital malformations, child development - Human Subjects: Interview, Questionaires, or Surveys Only

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD)
Type
Intramural Research (Z01)
Project #
1Z01HD002531-03
Application #
6290262
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (OD)
Project Start
Project End
Budget Start
Budget End
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
1999
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
City
State
Country
United States
Zip Code
Pierik, Frank H; Klebanoff, Mark A; Brock, John W et al. (2007) Maternal pregnancy serum level of heptachlor epoxide, hexachlorobenzene, and beta-hexachlorocyclohexane and risk of cryptorchidism in offspring. Environ Res 105:364-9
Ribas-Fito, Nuria; Gladen, Beth C; Brock, John W et al. (2006) Prenatal exposure to 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (p,p'-DDE) in relation to child growth. Int J Epidemiol 35:853-8
Longnecker, Matthew P; Klebanoff, Mark A; Dunson, David B et al. (2005) Maternal serum level of the DDT metabolite DDE in relation to fetal loss in previous pregnancies. Environ Res 97:127-33
Longnecker, Matthew P (2005) Invited Commentary: Why DDT matters now. Am J Epidemiol 162:726-8
Cooper, Glinda S; Klebanoff, Mark A; Promislow, Joanne et al. (2005) Polychlorinated biphenyls and menstrual cycle characteristics. Epidemiology 16:191-200
Law, Dionne C Gesink; Klebanoff, Mark A; Brock, John W et al. (2005) Maternal serum levels of polychlorinated biphenyls and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE) and time to pregnancy. Am J Epidemiol 162:523-32
Gray, Kimberly A; Klebanoff, Mark A; Brock, John W et al. (2005) In utero exposure to background levels of polychlorinated biphenyls and cognitive functioning among school-age children. Am J Epidemiol 162:17-26
Gladen, Beth C; Klebanoff, Mark A; Hediger, Mary L et al. (2004) Prenatal DDT exposure in relation to anthropometric and pubertal measures in adolescent males. Environ Health Perspect 112:1761-7
Longnecker, Matthew P; Hoffman, Howard J; Klebanoff, Mark A et al. (2004) In utero exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and sensorineural hearing loss in 8-year-old children. Neurotoxicol Teratol 26:629-37
Daniels, Julie L; Longnecker, Matthew P; Klebanoff, Mark A et al. (2003) Prenatal exposure to low-level polychlorinated biphenyls in relation to mental and motor development at 8 months. Am J Epidemiol 157:485-92

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