Biomarkers play a critical role in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Antibodies represent an important class of biomarkers with many advantageous features such as good stability, accessibility in biofluids, and easy detection. There has been extensive research on identifying changes in antibody levels to protein antigens;however, analysis of antibodies that binding carbohydrate antigens have been largely underutilized. Our carbohydrate microarray is well-suited to monitor the repertoire of anti-glycan antibodies in human serum and to study changes in their levels in response to disease or treatment of disease. The high-throughput approach can be used to identify new single biomarkers or to identify combinations of changes or profiles that are useful as biomarkers. Over the last few years, we have developed and validated a carbohydrate microarray assay for measuring antibody levels in human serum. We are now applying this technology in a variety of areas. In collaboration with Dr. Schlom and colleagues, we have been using the array to evaluate immune responses to the PSA-TRICOM prostate cancer vaccine (PROSTVAC-VF). We have found the pre-vaccination IgM antibody levels to blood group A trisaccharide correlate with survival on PROSTVAC-VF. In addition, we have found that antibody response to the Forssman antigen correlate with overall survival. Both correlations are consistent in two independent patient groups encompassing over 100 patients. These are promising new biomarkers for determining which patients should receive PROSTVAC-VF and which patients on PROSTVAC-VF are having a favorable immune response. In collaboration with Dr. Marjorie Robert-Guroff, we have been profiling immune responses to her HIV/SIV vaccine. We find that immunization with the vaccine does induce anti-glycan antibody responses. We have also been using the array to identify new biomarkers for early detection of cancer and evaluation of prognosis. In collaboration with Drs. Tere Landi, Mei Yin Polley, and Lisa McShane, we have been profiling antibody populations in patients with lung cancer. In collaboration with Drs. Mark Sherman, Mei Yin Polley, and Lisa McShane, we have also been profiling antibody populations in patients with ovarian cancer.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Investigator-Initiated Intramural Research Projects (ZIA)
Project #
1ZIABC011055-04
Application #
8349302
Study Section
Project Start
Project End
Budget Start
Budget End
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$427,195
Indirect Cost
Name
National Cancer Institute Division of Basic Sciences
Department
Type
DUNS #
City
State
Country
Zip Code
Scheepers, Cathrine; Chowdhury, Sudipa; Wright, W Shea et al. (2017) Serum glycan-binding IgG antibodies in HIV-1 infection and during the development of broadly neutralizing responses. AIDS 31:2199-2209
Lucas, Julie L; Tacheny, Erin A; Ferris, Allison et al. (2017) Development and validation of a Luminex assay for detection of a predictive biomarker for PROSTVAC-VF therapy. PLoS One 12:e0182739
Xia, Li; Schrump, David S; Gildersleeve, Jeffrey C (2016) Whole-Cell Cancer Vaccines Induce Large Antibody Responses to Carbohydrates and Glycoproteins. Cell Chem Biol 23:1515-1525
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Xia, Li; Gildersleeve, Jeffrey C (2015) The Glycan Array Platform as a Tool to Identify Carbohydrate Antigens. Methods Mol Biol 1331:27-40
Muthana, Saddam M; Gulley, James L; Hodge, James W et al. (2015) ABO blood type correlates with survival on prostate cancer vaccine therapy. Oncotarget 6:32244-56
Yin, Zhaojun; Chowdhury, Sudipa; McKay, Craig et al. (2015) Significant Impact of Immunogen Design on the Diversity of Antibodies Generated by Carbohydrate-Based Anticancer Vaccine. ACS Chem Biol 10:2364-72
Muthana, Saddam M; Xia, Li; Campbell, Christopher T et al. (2015) Competition between serum IgG, IgM, and IgA anti-glycan antibodies. PLoS One 10:e0119298
Campbell, Christopher T; Gulley, James L; Oyelaran, Oyindasola et al. (2014) Humoral response to a viral glycan correlates with survival on PROSTVAC-VF. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111:E1749-58
Muthana, Saddam M; Gildersleeve, Jeffrey C (2014) Glycan microarrays: powerful tools for biomarker discovery. Cancer Biomark 14:29-41

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