This project involves the further development and evaluation of a unified modeling framework that simulates the thermodynamics of gas/particle partitioning of mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds in multiple phases. The project contains three major objectives - the development of a multi-phase equilibrium modeling framework by expanding an existing gas/particle partitioning approach for non-ionic species to a system with dissolved ions and developing a one-dimensional box model to simulate secondary aerosol formation for a mixed inorganic/organic salt/water system; the prediction of activity coefficients for such a mixed system; and the evaluation of such a modeling framework using available aerosol laboratory measurements and testing it in a one-dimensional box model that includes the emissions of volatile organic compounds, gas-phase chemistry and gas/particle partitioning. One female graduate student will be supported by this award.