Precipitation will be collected as part of Phase II of the AEROCE network in the North Atlantic and analyzed for the trace metals Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn. The purpose is to; (1) characterize the trace metal chemistry of North Atlantic atmosphere, and (2) assess the impact of continental emissions of trace metals on atmospheric chemical processes, as well as the impact of their deposition on biogeochemical cycles in the North Atlantic Ocean. Specifically the data will be used to; (1) determine the source and flux of trace metal emissions from continents surrounding the North Atlantic, and (2) evaluate the deposition and impact of continentally derived trace metals on biogeochemical processes of seawater.