The investigators are using visualization and tracking techniques in studying interplanetary type II radio bursts observed remotely from the Ulysses and WIND spacecraft. Type II emissions are generated when coronal mass ejection-driven shocks propagate through the interplanetary medium from sun to Earth, and provide an intermediate link in the solar-terrestrial connection. The investigators will better understand (1) the physical characteristics and dynamics of individual type II radio bursts, (2) the relationship of type II radiation to the coronal mass ejection-driven shocks and conditions in the interplanetary medium, (3) the characterization of the geomagnetic response to radio emitting coronal mass ejections, and (4) the interplanetary transport of coronal mass ejections, and predictions of their arrival at Earth.
