The Arizona State Museum, part of the University of Arizona at Tucson, houses an excellent archaeological textile collection which includes approximately 1200 textiles and textile fragments. A 1987 conservation condition survey identified ca. 300 items which required improved storage conditions and 26 items in need of immediate conservation. With NSF support both goals will be achieved. The project includes examination, photodocumentation, and historical research on the materials. They will be carefully removed from damaging backings, mounts, and supports. Protective archival mounts and pads will be constructed, and the textiles will be stored in a custom-built oversize cabinet which affords protection from fluctuating environments and deleterious particulates. An experienced textile conservator and conservation specialist will be hired for this purpose and a well-equipped conservation laboratory in the Museum made available to these personnel. The textile materials derive from archaeological contexts both in the American Southwest and the coast of Peru. It is rare for such fragile remains to be preserved, but in both areas the extremely dry climates provided protected environments. Many scientists who have worked with these materials have attested to their importance. In prehistoric societies textiles served many functions, and through analysis of them, scientists can gain insight into many aspects of prehistoric society. Analyses provide information on status differences and mechanisms of production and distribution. Examination of dyes and weaving techniques reveals information on technological advances and innovation. Ironically, archaeological materials are often best protected if left in the ground. If museum storage conditions are inadequate, objects which have survived for thousands of years unattended can rapidly decompose. This project is important because it will assist in the preservation of archaeologically significant specimens and make them available to a wide range of researchers.
