This project will allow the American Anthropological Association to conduct a competition for stipends to allow anthropologists to attend the Sixth International Conference on Hunting and Gathering Societies, to be held in Fairbanks, Alaska on May 28- June 1, 1990. This is the major research conference for this area of studies, and scholars from all over the world attend and share ideas. This activity is important because our species lived in hunting and gathering societies for 99.9% of our history. What can be learned from study of contemporary hunter-gatherer group gives important theoretical insights into our evolutionary history, and also answers key questions about our biological origins and sociocultural nature.