This Instrument Development proposal details the construction, integration, and application of a novel multimodality microscope technology that will be enabling for a wide range of biological and medical investigations. A state-of-the-art multimodality microscope is proposed that combines the emerging technology of optical coherence tomography (microscopy) (OCT/OCM) with advanced multiphoton microscopy (MPM). This instrument is greater than the sum of its parts by providing complementary data on both the structure (OCM) and function (MPM) of biological systems.