According to the classical theory of measuring flow by Doppler ultrasound, one can estimate only that component of the flow that is in the direction of the ultrasound beam. The PI has discovered that flow that is perpendicular to the ultrasound can also be measured by appropriate analysis of the spectrum of the reflected signal. This is a proposal to extend this novel finding to turbulent flow and to design transducers that allow determination of blood flow under either laminar or turbulent flow conditions. The proposed research has the potential of greatly improving our ability to measure blood flow noninvasively.
