The objective of this research program is to advance earthquake hazard mitigation through information obtained from the October 1, 1987 Whittier Narrows (California) earthquake, specifically in the area of lifeline research. The Whittier Narrows earthquake caused extensive damage to water distribution pipelines. While theoretical modeling of earthquake induced damage has been actively pursued, the theoretical models are based upon damage mechanisms that are not well understood, and there is very little data related to the direct observation of earthquake induced damage. Such data is needed to validate these models, so that they can be used with confidence in deriving seismic design criteria. At present there is no code for buried pipelines. Thus, this project involves a thorough field investigation and analysis of the damage to water lifeline systems around Whittier, California. In addition, the predictions of the existing models are being compared with the observed behavior, and the models are being modified based on this comparison and the understanding derived from the observations. Finally, effective recommendations are being derived from the models and the observations for the design of new pipelines, and the retrofitting of existing systems.
