Bacteria of the genus Bacillus are intensively studied in both basic and applied research efforts. The powerful array of genetic techniques available for these organisms allows the scientist engaged in basic research to probe the inner workings of the cell's genetic machinery. Their ability to form specialized cells (spores) -- analogous to the formation of specialized tissues and organs in higher organisms -- allows insights into the mysteries of cell differentiation and development. The applied researcher focuses on the ability of the bacilli to synthesize a variety of products: medically useful antibiotics; enzymes which degrade proteins (in laundry detergents and contact-lens cleaners, for example) or turn starch to sugar; and natural pesticides that provide an environmentally responsible alternative to chemicals. The Bacillus Genetic Stock Center (BGSC) greatly assists these research efforts by maintaining the world's largest public culture collection for the genus Bacillus and distributing cultures without prejudice to all scientists who request them. Each year some 1500 strains are distributed to scientists throughout the world. The BGSC staff are available at all times for expert consultation and periodically prepare and distribute a 100-page catalog of strains and reference work. This project provides partial support for the BGSC's activities for the next five years.
