From an operational viewpoint the structure of a complex system may be defined by its reaction to external probes, not necessarily weak ones. This typically requires the introduction of spatial and/or temporal nonuniformity from the outset, at a level beyond any that the undisturbed system possesses. The aim of the principal investigator is to construct and solve carefully models in order to illuminate the local and the global structure of classical lattice gases in thermal equilibrium, thermalized classical fluids in continuous space, and steady- state operations of clock-regulated queueing networks. The study of natural systems at the microscopic level is a difficult area of research, given the enormous complexity of systems that describe everyday phenomena like liquids and gases. The principal investigator will construct and analyze tractable models of various fluids in order to gain insight into their behavior at the microscopic level.