The PI proposes to conduct a 2-year empirical study that will: (1) identify the mentoring structures that are empirically observable in undergraduate research experiences at research universities, in terms of the strength and function of relationships within the undergraduate-postgraduate-faculty triad; (2) examine how different mentoring structures relate to the cognitive, behavioral, and affective outcomes undergraduates realize from participating in research; and (3) determine the extent to which women and underrepresented minority undergraduates experience different mentoring structures or realize outcomes differentially in comparison to majority students.