9508402 Chapman The PI will modernize and extend his current laboratory facilities and make a series of rock thermal diffusivity measurements to be used in climate change studies. He will upgrade his equipment by the replacement of the existing microvoltmeter and the addition of computer control, and will incorporate a new needle probe to permit measurement of rocks unsuitable for the present setup that makes use of a divided bar, and to allow measurement of thermal diffusivity. The experiments will measure rock samples from sites where well-bores have allowed ground temperature determinations over the last 2 centuries. These experiments will allow independent assessment of the accuracy of the bore-hole measurements. ****