Deep inside the earth, petroleum is formed from the decomposition of a macromolecular solid (kerogen) which is all that remains of the biological ultimate oil precursors. The kerogen is locked in the pores of rocks and is usually only a few per cent of the rock. The chemistry responsible for the conversion of kerogen to petroleum is not understood. There are indications that it may involve catalysis by some of the minerals present and may also involve reactions with the water present. We will determine whether some of the best mineral mater catalyst candidates can bring about petroleum forming reactions between kerogens and water. Positive results would not only aid in petroleum exploration and in understanding the carbon cycle, but might open new processing and upgrading possibilities for heavy oils.
