Objective: The objective of this research is the growth and measurement of the mechanical responses of three-dimensional nanostructures under external driving forces (mechanical, electrical, magnetic or thermal). The approach is to use an oblique angle deposition technique to fabricate nanostructures in the forms of rods, beams, and helical springs. This deposition technique is a physical self-assembly method based on the shadowing effect during thermal evaporation or sputter deposition of atomic species onto a flat or templated substrate. The fundamental electromechanical, magnetomechanical, magnetoresistive, damping, and thermal transport properties of these nanostructures will be characterized using nanoscale probes that measure force, current, magnetic field, and heat transport. Fundamental knowledge in the mechanical properties of these nanostructures and any deviation from their bulk scaling laws will be gained.
Broader impact: The research will open up many new opportunities in the US economy in NEMS (nanoelectromechanical systems) applications such as actuators, resonators, and dampers. It will also provide unprecedented opportunities for fundamental studies and practical applications. Areas included are nanophotonic devices for optical communication, energy devices for efficient light emitters, highly efficient heat transfer and thermoelectric extractors, extremely sensitive chemical and biological sensors, nanofluidic reactors, magnetic sensor arrays, super-high-density 3D magnetic recording, and nano-catalysis. These represent a multi-billion-dollar high technology industry that will save energy and improve the quality of lives. Graduate students and postdocs will be trained through the integrative research, education, and outreach activities and be ready for the high tech work force.
