9403770 Schott International Collegial Ties in Science and Engineering. The United States in comparative perspective. The project will explore global patterns of collegial ties among research scientists, and engineers specifically the ties to and from the world's centers. U.S. researchers' ties to local and foreign colleagues will be compared with the international ties of researchers in other countries, especially in France, Japan, and Mexico. U.S. researchers' attraction of ties from scientists and engineers around the world will be compared with the ties attracted by researchers in Japan and Western Europe. Ties will be examined as vary overtime, across disciplines, and across cohorts of scientists. Analyses use indicators of the networks of influence and collaboration derived from the scientific literature and a questionnaire survey of about 1,049 scientists in the United States, France, Japan, Mexico and other countries (about 60% of the interviews have been completed in previous projects). The questionnaire taps a researcher's education, career, travel, assessment of contributions made around the world, and ties with local and foreign colleagues. The study will also tap scientists' and engineers' perceptions and experiences of barriers to formation of ties with foreign peers. The project will contribute to knowledge of the international dynamics of collegial networks in science, especially the ties to and from the centers. The knowledge about the U.S. participation in North American and worldwide networks may be of use in shaping U.S. policies international cooperation. ***
