This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project will prepare robust biocatalysts to endure extremes of temperature, pH, water tension (lyophilization), long term storage and protease attack. Preparation methods are technically facile, economical in material and labor costs and useful for preparation of enzymes for use in packed bed reactors. Important commercial enzymes will be used in the work, during ongoing consultation with manufacturers and users of commercial enzymes to ensure smooth and ready transition to commercial development. More robust enzyme preparation will find wide commercial applications related to food products, pharmaceuticals, fine chemicals, environmental remediation, medical therapy and diagnosis, destruction of hazardous waste, pollution control and personnel protection.