IBN: 9634421 PI: Wachtel The overall OBJECTIVE of this project is to utilize engineering based "enabling technologies" to better understand of neural (brain) function. In particular, we will address the issue of how neural sensory systems are able to detect very weak signals in the presence of large amounts of background "noise". Our prototype will be the electroreceptive systems of sharks, (who are able to detect an electric field equivalent to a 1.5 volt "flashlight battery" placed across the Atlantic Ocean!) The possible mechanisms by which this exquisite sensory system operates will be explored using technologies such as Interactive Computer Simulation and Digital Signal Processing models adapted from electrical and computer engineering venues. The SIGNIFICANCE of this project will extend far beyond understanding how sharks detect very weak electric fields. First of all, it will allow us to demonstrate how "engineering based" technologies can be usefully deployed in studying the nervous system. Such technologies may play a vital role, during and after the "decade of the brain", in helping us understand how the brain operates as an information detector and processor. In addition to its fundamental value in neurobiology, such an understanding could lead to the evolution of improved computers - particularly those based on "neural network" designs. The ability to detect and interpret weak signals is also of vital importance in developing advanced communication systems and understanding the way "nature" has been accomplishing this for millions of years is likely to be extremely relevant.
