LAY ABSTRACT Principal Investigator: Harris-Warrick, Ronald Proposal Number: IBN-9728553 This international conference on the neural mechanisms for generating locomotor activity is held under the auspices of the New York Academy of sciences in New York City on March 21-24, 1998. The primary focus of the conference is to discuss new research on the neuronal basis for locomotion in higher vertebrates, including man. As an introductory overview, the best understood vertebrate and invertebrate preparations are presented , followed by a session on spinal locomotor networks in higher vertebrates. The second day highlights sessions on neurotransmitter control of pattern generating networks, sensory inputs to these generators, modeling of well understood networks, and molecular biological approaches to understanding neural network function and modulation. On the final day, the sessions cover various developmental and comparative approaches to study rhythmic locomotion and clinical applications of spinal locomotor network analysis in animals and man. A final panel discussion is charged with generating general principles for rhythmic pattern generation and discussion of fruitful avenues for future research. LAY ABSTRACT Principal Investigator: Herron, Paul Proposal Number: IBN-9729545 Effects of Progressive Periods of Cholinergic Depletion on Brain and Behavior The brain neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, has been suggested to play a major role in the adaptive response of the brain to sensory and cognitive experiences. The purpose of this research is to determine the consequences of selective depletion of acetylcholine on brain structure, function, and behavior. This research will enable an understanding of the role of acetylcholine on the underlying brain circuitry and quantity of synapses in the cortex; the neural activity of single neurons in the cortex; and the mechanism of learning and memory. Results show how brain structure, brain function and behavior are degraded when acetylcholine is not present at certain levels. This work is important for providing a better understanding of the adaptive and maintenance roles of acetylcholine in sensory perception as well as learning and memory.
