The study is aimed at understanding the changes in chemistry and circulation of the SE Indian Ocean during the glacial late Quaternary. The specific questions that the study will focus on concern the vertical distribution of dissolved nutrients and oxygen deficit in the deep and intermediate waters during the last glacial, and upwelling off NW Australia as predicted by climate reconstructions of that time. Cores are planned to be collected from the NW Australian margin by the Australian Bureau of Mineral Resources ship Rig Seismic. These will be analyzed for the calcium carbonate and organic carbon content, as well as stable isotopes to answer the proposed questions.