In this project, PI's from three institutions will carry out sampling on a transect in the Southern Ocean along 65 degrees South latitude across the Ross Sea. The sampling will be carried out on the USSR vessel, R/V IOFFE. Scientists from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography will be responsible for the hydrography and nutrients, while scientists from Lamont will acquire and analyze samples for the tracers, Tritium, Helium, Oxygen-18, and Carbon-14. Oregon State University (this project) will provide overall coordination and contribute to the overall data analysis and integration. This section constitutes a joint contribution by the USA and the Soviet Union to the International World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE), specifically, Hydrographic line S-4.