McCartney 9617946 The secular variability in various components of the meridional overturning circulation of the North Atlantic and the linkages between these components and the variability in the overlying atmosphere will be examined by using historical oceanographic data. The work will address the question of whether the decadal trends in warm water transformation, which co-vary with the low frequency North Atlantic Oscillation, represent an oceanic response that is passive, active or a coupled interaction. This proposal is a contribution to the CLImate VARiability and predictability (CLIVAR) program.