9321407 Wahlen This award is for support to investigate, in detail, the timing between changes in temperature (indicated by the isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen in the ice, as well as the accumulation rate) and atmospheric carbon dioxide (from measurements of occluded air) in the high resolution Greenland Ice Sheet Project Two (GISP2) ice core from central Greenland. The carbon dioxide measurements will be performed over periods of rapid climate change, such as the last glacial to interglacial transition and during the glacial interstadials, the Eemian and the previous glacial. The determination of leads or lags between temperature and atmospheric carbon dioxide will help to understand the interplay of carbon dioxide and climate. The carbon isotope composition of atmospheric carbon dioxide will also be analyzed for these periods in order to gain more information about the mechanisms and processes responsible for carbon dioxide and climate variations. ***