It is becoming increasingly apparent that diet can have profound effects on functional genomics. However, this area of research has only begun to be exploited for therapeutic benefit. Understanding the role of individual dietary components in promoting health or disease will open new opportunities to intervene in both disease prevention and treatment. Cancer of the prostate is known to be influenced by life style factors such as diet. Our preliminary in vitro results suggest that the concentration of inorganic phosphate that prostate cells are exposed to is an important predisposing factor in the growth potential of cells and alters the expression of transformation and metastasis associated genes such as osteopontin and Egr-1. Inorganic phosphate is also a critical component of cellular energy which raises a number of questions regarding the events associated with excess and/or limited cellular phosphate: Does the amount of available serum phosphate alter the growth properties of the cell in vivo? Does the amount of available phosphate alter the response of the cell in the presence of a transformational pressure? Surprisingly, little is known about the potential positive or negative effects of altered serum levels of inorganic phosphate on cell and tissue behavior related to health and disease. As the amount of phosphate in the American diet continues to rise beyond levels already considered high by the FDA it will be important to understand the long-term health benefits and risks associated with this common dietary element. This application will test the hypothesis that: a reduced inorganic phosphate diet reduces development and/or progression of prostate cancer. To test this hypothesis we will utilize an existing and well defined mouse model, the transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP). Specifically, results from this application will determine whether a diet low in inorganic phosphate reduces development and/or progression of prostate cancer in the TRAMP model, relative to a diet high in phosphate. The extent of cancer development and progression will be measured by genitourinary tract weight and graded histology. Based on preliminary results, altered levels of serum inorganic phosphate might influence prostate function by two possible mechanisms;1) directly affecting cell function by altering the expression of specific genes such as osteopontin and Egr-1, which we will measure by immunohistochemistry and molecular characterization of the neoplasia and/or 2) altering the levels of one or more circulating factors such as vitamin D or osteopontin which we will measure in the serum.

Public Health Relevance

Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer related deaths in American men. Epidemiological evidence suggests that life style factors such as diet play a significant role in the development and progression of the disease however identifying a contributing dietary factor has been elusive. This proposal will investigate the role of dietary inorganic phosphate in prostate cancer initiation, progression and metastasis.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Small Research Grants (R03)
Project #
1R03CA136059-01A2
Application #
7753114
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZCA1-SRLB-F (M1))
Program Officer
Seifried, Harold E
Project Start
2009-07-20
Project End
2011-06-30
Budget Start
2009-07-20
Budget End
2010-06-30
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2009
Total Cost
$77,500
Indirect Cost
Name
Emory University
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
066469933
City
Atlanta
State
GA
Country
United States
Zip Code
30322
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Hwang, Soon-Kyung; Minai-Tehrani, Arash; Lim, Hwang-Tae et al. (2010) Decreased level of PDCD4 (programmed cell death 4) protein activated cell proliferation in the lung of A/J mouse. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv 23:285-93
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