The broad aim of the proposed program of work is to investigate neurobiological and cognitive mechanisms underlying impulse control (externalizing) problems. The proposed work builds on the applicant's involvement in the development of a hierarchical model of externalizing. The core idea of this model is that a general vulnerability factor, labeled externalizing, underlies and unites psychopathological syndromes involving antisocial behavior and substance dependence, as well as personality traits reflecting impulsivity and aggression. These problems are conceptualized in terms of deficits involving anterior brain regions, although researchers are only really beginning to understand how these regions work. The most established correlate of externalizing problems is reduced amplitude of the P300 event-related potential (ERP) brain component. However, neural mechanisms underlying P300 are distributed and not well understood. Thus, studies of P300 amplitude reductions have not produced good models about the neural mechanisms involved. Researchers have recently begun investigating amplitude reductions in the error-related negativity (ERN) ERP brain component related to externalizing-related disorders. The ERN is understood to involve a relatively strong activation of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), providing a clearer target for study. Current models of the ERN suggest that it is best understood as an ACC activation which is influenced by other brain regions depending on the circumstances, particularly the PFC. The goal of the proposed work is to investigate the roles of the PFC and ACC during the ERN under different task circumstances, and then to investigate how these relationships are modulated in individuals with externalizing problems. The primary training components involve developing skills in direct approaches to the measurement of specific brain regions to address the question of the relationship between the PFC and ACC in externalizing psychopathology. Recent years have seen incredible growth in methods for localizing neural sources, and currently available techniques offer strong possibilities for inferring ACC and PFC sources using ERP, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and combined (multimodal) ERP and MRI approaches. The proposed training activities would provide training in all three approaches, with mentorship by a leading expert in this field. The candidate also brings strong expertise in joint time-frequency (TF) analysis, an emerging computational method for electrophysiological signals. An important secondary goal is to integrate TF approaches with these neural source localization methods, to create cutting-edge methods neural source methods. The long term goal is for the candidate to become an independent investigator focused on externalizing psychopathology, employing cutting-edge methods for inferring neural sources as described. ? ? ? ? ?

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Type
Clinical Investigator Award (CIA) (K08)
Project #
1K08MH080239-01A2
Application #
7531236
Study Section
Adult Psychopathology and Disorders of Aging Study Section (APDA)
Program Officer
Wynne, Debra K
Project Start
2008-09-01
Project End
2009-07-31
Budget Start
2008-09-01
Budget End
2009-07-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2008
Total Cost
$137,555
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Minnesota Twin Cities
Department
Psychology
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
555917996
City
Minneapolis
State
MN
Country
United States
Zip Code
55455
Bachman, Matthew D; Bernat, Edward M (2018) Independent contributions of theta and delta time-frequency activity to the visual oddball P3b. Int J Psychophysiol 128:70-80
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Harper, Jeremy; Malone, Stephen M; Bachman, Matthew D et al. (2016) Stimulus sequence context differentially modulates inhibition-related theta and delta band activity in a go/no-go task. Psychophysiology 53:712-22
Bernat, Edward M; Nelson, Lindsay D; Baskin-Sommers, Arielle R (2015) Time-frequency theta and delta measures index separable components of feedback processing in a gambling task. Psychophysiology 52:626-37
Foti, Dan; Weinberg, Anna; Bernat, Edward M et al. (2015) Anterior cingulate activity to monetary loss and basal ganglia activity to monetary gain uniquely contribute to the feedback negativity. Clin Neurophysiol 126:1338-47
Burwell, Scott J; Malone, Stephen M; Bernat, Edward M et al. (2014) Does electroencephalogram phase variability account for reduced P3 brain potential in externalizing disorders? Clin Neurophysiol 125:2007-15
Harper, Jeremy; Malone, Stephen M; Bernat, Edward M (2014) Theta and delta band activity explain N2 and P3 ERP component activity in a go/no-go task. Clin Neurophysiol 125:124-32

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