Selenium is one of the most promising agents under consideration for use in the reduction of colon cancer risk. In animal models, providing low, non-toxic doses of selenium can attenuate tumor development and human studies have provided support for a chemopreventive role for selenium at both dietary and pharmacological doses. The study of colon cancer prevention in humans would benefit from biological endpoints other than tumor incidence that would serve as a surrogate for cancer, but would permit the evaluation and examination of potential chemopreventives, such as selenium. One such marker of particular promise is aberrant crypt focus (ACF), preneoplastic lesions of the colon which have long served as a biomarker for colon carcinogenesis studies in rodents. Preliminary data is provided in this application indicating an inverse association between dietary intake of selenium and ACF number in humans, and a supplementation study is proposed to investigate whether providing individuals 200 g/day of selenium as selenized yeast for 6 months can reduce the number of these lesions in patients, as compared to those receiving placebo. It will be determined whether the efficacy of selenium in reducing ACF numbers is influenced by allelic identity at the GPx-1 and MnSOD loci. In order to mechanistically evaluate the mode of action of selenium, lymphocytes from study participants and non-transformed human colonic epithelial cells will be examined for susceptibility to DNA damage and for expression of potential downstream targets of selenium. Collectively, these studies will establish the usefulness of ACFs as a useful biomarker for colon cancer prevention studies with selenium and generate new evidence on the mechanism of action, focusing on the GPx-1 selenoprotein as the candidate target of selenium action.

Public Health Relevance

New strategies are required to reduce the incidence of colon cancer and selenium is a promising chemopreventive compound. This proposal is designed to investigate the potential of using selenium to reduce the frequency of early, premalignant lesions in the colon as means of disease control. In addition, these studies may also establish enumerating aberrant crypt foci in the colon as a means of monitoring the efficacy of preventive strategies.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
3R01CA127943-03S1
Application #
8322881
Study Section
Chemo/Dietary Prevention Study Section (CDP)
Program Officer
Ogunbiyi, Peter
Project Start
2009-08-01
Project End
2013-05-31
Budget Start
2011-08-01
Budget End
2012-05-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$54,229
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Illinois at Chicago
Department
Pathology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
098987217
City
Chicago
State
IL
Country
United States
Zip Code
60612
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Ekoue, Dede N; He, Chenxia; Diamond, Alan M et al. (2017) Manganese superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase-1 contribute to the rise and fall of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species which drive oncogenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Bioenerg 1858:628-632
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Reinke, Emily N; Ekoue, Dede N; Bera, Soumen et al. (2014) Translational regulation of GPx-1 and GPx-4 by the mTOR pathway. PLoS One 9:e93472
Ansong, Emmanuel; Yang, Wancai; Diamond, Alan M (2014) Molecular cross-talk between members of distinct families of selenium containing proteins. Mol Nutr Food Res 58:117-23
Bera, Soumen; De Rosa, Viviana; Rachidi, Walid et al. (2013) Does a role for selenium in DNA damage repair explain apparent controversies in its use in chemoprevention? Mutagenesis 28:127-34
Jerome-Morais, A; Bera, S; Rachidi, W et al. (2013) The effects of selenium and the GPx-1 selenoprotein on the phosphorylation of H2AX. Biochim Biophys Acta 1830:3399-406
Yang, Wancai; Diamond, Alan M (2013) Selenium-binding protein 1 as a tumor suppressor and a prognostic indicator of clinical outcome. Biomark Res 1:15

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