This application seeks a five-year continuation of the Monitoring the Future (MTF) study, an ongoing epidemiological and etiological research and reporting project begun in 1975. In addition to being a basic research study, MTF has become one of the nation's most relied upon sources of information on emerging trends in illicit drug, alcohol, and tobacco use among American adolescents, college students, and young and middle- aged adults. Nationally representative samples of 8th-, 10th-, and 12th-grade students (about 42,000 students in 415 schools per year) will be surveyed annually from 2017/18 to 2021/22. A companion panel application seeks continuation of the mail follow-up surveys of both past and future high school graduates at modal ages 19?30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, and, new to this cycle, age 60. The study's cohort-sequential longitudinal design permits the measurement and differentiation of three types of change?age (developmental), period (historical), and cohort. Each has different determinants, and MTF finds all three types of change occur for most drugs. Factors that may explain historical trends and cohort differences also are monitored. MTF is designed to document the developmental history and consequences of drug use and related attitudes from adolescence through middle adulthood, and to determine the individual and contextual characteristics and social role transitions that contribute to change and stability in both use and related attitudes. This work will be extended to new years, cohorts, and ages under this main application and the companion follow-up application. The study will examine the importance of many other hypothesized psychological, behavioral, and social determinants of drug use (including attitudes and beliefs, counter- advertising, role-modeling, and access), as well as a range of potential consequences (including physical and psychological health, status attainment, role performance, and drug abuse and dependence). Impacts of some policy changes will be evaluated, including state-level legalization of marijuana for recreational use. In this cycle the investigators will implement a remote data portal to allow access to MTF data by external academic researchers. The study's very broad measurement covers (a) initiation, use, and cessation for over 50 categories and sub-categories of licit and illicit drugs, including alcohol and tobacco; (b) attitudes and beliefs about many of them, as well as perceived availability, peer norms, and norms among role model groups; (c) other behaviors and individual characteristics (delinquency, school performance, plans, aspirations, etc.); and (d) aspects of key social environments (home, work, school) and social role statuses, experiences, and transitions. Results will continue to elucidate drug use from adolescence through adulthood?including the introduction of new drugs? with major implications for policy, research, treatment, and prevention agendas.

Public Health Relevance

Smoking, drinking, and illicit drug use are major sources of morbidity and mortality in the population, and all of these behaviors tend to begin in adolescence. Monitoring the Future (MTF) has played a vital role in measuring, tracking, and understanding these behaviors among American adolescents and adults from 1975 through 2017. This application is to continue this important work from 2017/18 through 2021/22 by conducting annual, national surveys of 8th-, 10th- and 12th-grade students that include questions on more than 50 new and established substances, and analyzing these data in conjunction with longitudinal data from the existing and new MTF panels (a companion R01 application requests funding to continue to collect panel data).

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
2R01DA001411-43
Application #
9175632
Study Section
Addiction Risks and Mechanisms Study Section (ARM)
Program Officer
Lopez, Marsha
Project Start
1975-06-28
Project End
2022-03-31
Budget Start
2017-05-01
Budget End
2018-03-31
Support Year
43
Fiscal Year
2017
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Michigan Ann Arbor
Department
Biostatistics & Other Math Sci
Type
Organized Research Units
DUNS #
073133571
City
Ann Arbor
State
MI
Country
United States
Zip Code
48109
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Terry-McElrath, Yvonne M; Patrick, Megan E (2018) U.S. adolescent alcohol use by race/ethnicity: Consumption and perceived need to reduce/stop use. J Ethn Subst Abuse :1-25
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Patrick, Megan E; Veliz, Phil; Linden-Carmichael, Ashley et al. (2018) Alcohol mixed with energy drink use during young adulthood. Addict Behav 84:224-230
Patrick, Megan E; Kloska, Deborah D; Terry-McElrath, Yvonne M et al. (2018) Patterns of simultaneous and concurrent alcohol and marijuana use among adolescents. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 44:441-451
McCabe, Sean Esteban; Veliz, Philip; Schulenberg, John E (2018) How Collegiate Fraternity and Sorority Involvement Relates to Substance Use During Young Adulthood and Substance Use Disorders in Early Midlife: A National Longitudinal Study. J Adolesc Health 62:S35-S43
Evans-Polce, Rebecca J; Schuler, Megan S; Schulenberg, John E et al. (2018) Gender- and age-varying associations of sensation seeking and substance use across young adulthood. Addict Behav 84:271-277
Veliz, Philip; Eckner, James T; Zdroik, Jennifer et al. (2018) Lifetime Prevalence of Self-Reported Concussion Among Adolescents Involved in Competitive Sports: A National U.S. Study. J Adolesc Health :
Bray, Bethany C; Dziak, John J; Patrick, Megan E et al. (2018) Inverse Propensity Score Weighting with a Latent Class Exposure: Estimating the Causal Effect of Reported Reasons for Alcohol Use on Problem Alcohol Use 16 Years Later. Prev Sci :

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