Understanding the regularities in the learning environment, how they differ among individuals, and how individuals through their own behaviors create those differences are essential to understanding typical and atypical courses of development, to developing remediation and intervention procedures. The proposed research develops a new method to study the dynamic visual environment of infants and toddlers, from the first-person view. Progress has been limited by several technical problems including: (1) recording devices that will be tolerated by young children and (2) the number of independent degrees of freedom in eye, head, and body movements. We believe we can solve these technical problems. The research has three specific aims within the goal of studying active vision in children 10 to 36 months of age: (1) to develop a system through which one can measure the dynamic first-person visual field (via a small camera on the head of the child), the direction of eye gaze in that field (via additional cameras and software that track eye position), and also head, hand and body movements (via position sensors placed on the head, shoulders and hands); (2) to determine the spatial and temporal resolution of the head-camera image relative to the child's perceptual field; (3) to demonstrate the utility and functionality of the system in two different task contexts - mother-infant toy play at a table and free play with ambulatory movements. This new method promises fundamental new insights about the learning environment and the development of dynamic visual processes in the context of a 3-dimensional physical and social world, the context in which children build social, language and cognitive skills. The proposed new method has significant biomedical relevance for the early detection of attentional disorders, for studying their cascading consequences in social, cognitive and linguistic development, and for developing new therapies and interventions that generalize to the complex natural environment ? ? ?

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Eye Institute (NEI)
Type
Exploratory/Developmental Grants (R21)
Project #
5R21EY017843-02
Application #
7344718
Study Section
Cognition and Perception Study Section (CP)
Program Officer
Oberdorfer, Michael
Project Start
2007-02-01
Project End
2010-01-31
Budget Start
2008-02-01
Budget End
2010-01-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2008
Total Cost
$145,014
Indirect Cost
Name
Indiana University Bloomington
Department
Psychology
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
006046700
City
Bloomington
State
IN
Country
United States
Zip Code
47401
Yu, Chen; Smith, Linda B (2017) Multiple Sensory-Motor Pathways Lead to Coordinated Visual Attention. Cogn Sci 41 Suppl 1:5-31
Yu, Chen; Smith, Linda B (2016) The Social Origins of Sustained Attention in One-Year-Old Human Infants. Curr Biol 26:1235-40
Suanda, Sumarga H; Smith, Linda B; Yu, Chen (2016) The Multisensory Nature of Verbal Discourse in Parent-Toddler Interactions. Dev Neuropsychol 41:324-341
Bambach, Sven; Lee, Stefan; Crandall, David J et al. (2015) Lending A Hand: Detecting Hands and Recognizing Activities in Complex Egocentric Interactions. Proc IEEE Int Conf Comput Vis 2015:1949-1957
Smith, Linda; Yu, Chen; Yoshida, Hanako et al. (2015) Contributions of head-mounted cameras to studying the visual environments of infants and young children. J Cogn Dev 16:407-419
Bambach, Sven; Crandall, David J; Yu, Chen (2015) Viewpoint Integration for Hand-Based Recognition of Social Interactions from a First-Person View. Proc ACM Int Conf Multimodal Interact 2015:351-354
Pereira, Alfredo F; Smith, Linda B; Yu, Chen (2014) A bottom-up view of toddler word learning. Psychon Bull Rev 21:178-85
Yu, Chen; Smith, Linda B (2013) Joint attention without gaze following: human infants and their parents coordinate visual attention to objects through eye-hand coordination. PLoS One 8:e79659
Grzyb, Beata J; Smith, Linda B; Del Pobil, Angel P (2013) Reaching for the Unreachable: Reorganization of Reaching with Walking. IEEE Trans Auton Ment Dev 5:162-172
Yu, Chen; Smith, Linda B (2012) Embodied attention and word learning by toddlers. Cognition 125:244-62

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