We will examine the overarching hypothesis that nocturnal release of FFA from the visceral and possibly subcutaneous compartments, will change FFA delivery to the liver, reduce hepatic insulin clearance, cause hyperinsulinemia, and thus reduce insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues. I. We will address the importance of the nocturnal surge in FFA in the development of insulin resistance with fat feeding. We predict that visceral fat makes a significant contribution to the nocturnal surge, and that this may account for the intimate link between visceral fat and insulin resistance. 1) We will block the nighttime surge in lipolysis using an Al adenosine receptor partial agonist, reducing sympathetic input to the visceral depot via sympathectomy, and using the pS blocking agent, bupranolol. 2) We shall examine the relationship between sleep states and the nocturnal surge in lipolysis. Animals will be telemetered for continuous EEG measurements in a quiet and isolated environment, and the relationship between sleep, lipolysis (measured using plasma FFA and tracer dilution methods) and neurally active agents, including catecholamines and leptin, will be assessed over 24 hr periods with hourly sampling. II. We will examine the role of nocturnal FFA on changes in insulin clearance by the liver. We will block nocturnal FFA surge to examine whether changes in hepatic clearance can be blocked acutely. Finally, we will chronically block the nocturnal surge of FFA by infusion of lipolytic blocking agents and examine if the reduction in hepatic clearance is altered. We will biopsy liver tissue to detennine the molecular mechanisms underlying alterations in liver insulin clearance (CEACAM 1, insulin degrading enzyme). III. We will examine the hypothesis that changes in liver insulin clearance are central to the development of the insulin resistance in fat feeding, in that they result in hyperinsulinemia as a cause of peripheral insulin resistance. Changes in clearance in the liver will be caused by knockdown of CEACAM1 using the antisense approach, end-to-side portocaval shunt simulate, by chronic insulin infusion, the similar degree of peripheral appearance of insulin which would be caused by the degree of reduction in liver insulin clearance that we observed with elevated fat feeding.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Method to Extend Research in Time (MERIT) Award (R37)
Project #
5R37DK027619-30
Application #
8640914
Study Section
No Study Section (in-house review) (NSS)
Program Officer
Laughlin, Maren R
Project Start
1980-02-01
Project End
2017-03-31
Budget Start
2014-04-01
Budget End
2015-03-31
Support Year
30
Fiscal Year
2014
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
Department
Type
DUNS #
City
Los Angeles
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
90048
Broussard, Josiane L; Bergman, Richard N; Bediako, Isaac Asare et al. (2018) Insulin Access to Skeletal Muscle is Preserved in Obesity Induced by Polyunsaturated Diet. Obesity (Silver Spring) 26:119-125
Woolcott, Orison O; Bergman, Richard N (2018) Relative fat mass (RFM) as a new estimator of whole-body fat percentage ? A cross-sectional study in American adult individuals. Sci Rep 8:10980
Morton, Gregory J; Muta, Kenjiro; Kaiyala, Karl J et al. (2017) Evidence That the Sympathetic Nervous System Elicits Rapid, Coordinated, and Reciprocal Adjustments of Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity During Cold Exposure. Diabetes 66:823-834
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Polidori, David C; Bergman, Richard N; Chung, Stephanie T et al. (2016) Hepatic and Extrahepatic Insulin Clearance Are Differentially Regulated: Results From a Novel Model-Based Analysis of Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Data. Diabetes 65:1556-64
Iyer, Malini S; Bergman, Richard N; Korman, Jeremy E et al. (2016) Renal Denervation Reverses Hepatic Insulin Resistance Induced by High-Fat Diet. Diabetes 65:3453-3463
Broussard, Josiane L; Castro, Ana V B; Iyer, Malini et al. (2016) Insulin access to skeletal muscle is impaired during the early stages of diet-induced obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 24:1922-8
Woolcott, Orison O; Gutierrez, Cesar; Castillo, Oscar A et al. (2016) Inverse association between altitude and obesity: A prevalence study among andean and low-altitude adult individuals of Peru. Obesity (Silver Spring) 24:929-37
Broussard, Josiane L; Nelson, Michael D; Kolka, Cathryn M et al. (2016) Rapid development of cardiac dysfunction in a canine model of insulin resistance and moderate obesity. Diabetologia 59:197-207
Woolcott, Orison O; Ader, Marilyn; Bergman, Richard N (2015) Glucose homeostasis during short-term and prolonged exposure to high altitudes. Endocr Rev 36:149-73

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