The broad goal of this project is to[ integrate developmental and behavioral genetic approaches for alcohol research, by examining ]how genes, individual contexts, and social environments influence alcohol use and misuse directly, and through interactions with each other, and how these relations change over adolescence and young adulthood. The primary aims of this grant proposal are to integrate behavioral genetic and developmental approaches to examine the ways in which predictors of alcohol use, as supported by previous behavioral genetic research, and social ecology and developmental cascade models, relate to alcohol use over age (adolescence and young adulthood) and stage of use (initiation to misuse), as well as how these relations change over time. Specifically, this grant proposes to examine how genes (latent additive effects[/polygenic risk scores]), social environments contexts (parents, peers, and neighborhood contexts), and personal contexts (impulsivity and child maltreatment/abuse) predict alcohol use and misuse over adolescence and young adulthood as direct effects and through interaction with each other.[ Using twin and sibling data, two biometric models (using different approaches, in order to expose the applicant to different ways of twin modeling), will be examined to test a conceptual model of how different social and personal contexts and genes relate to alcohol use directly, and through interaction with each other, a) over adolescence to young adulthood, and b) over initiation, regular use, and misuse of alcohol.] Effects of genes, social environments, and contexts characteristics at specific ages and stages of use will also be examined. Additionally, the effect of specific genes on initiation, regular use, and misuse of alcohol will be examined (directly and through interaction with the previously mentioned covariates) via polygenic risk scores. In other words, this project will examine: (a) if the importance of specific influences change over time (e.g., different ages), (b) if these influences predict changes in alcohol use over time, (c) if the importance of specific influences change over stages of alcohol use (e.g., initiation, misuse), and (d) if these influences predict changes in stage of alcohol use. During the award period, the applicant will be trained in latent growth curve modeling, advanced biometric models (i.e., latent growth curve and multivariate stage biometric models), [and gene-finding techniques such as polygenic risk scores using complete-genome information.] Additionally, she will obtain advanced training in the general science and methodology of alcohol and behavioral genetics research through formal courses, workshops, and didactic meetings with expert consultants. Results from this project will benefit the fields of behavioral genetics and developmental psychology by providing much-needed integration of approaches (a need underscored by experts in both fields). The results will be an important step towards building a more comprehensive and thorough model of how alcohol use develops over adolescence and young adulthood through various underlying mechanisms and external contexts.

Public Health Relevance

It is understood by researchers that drinking behavior is influenced by an interaction between an individual, their genetics, and their environment, and that the way these three components interact, along with drinking behavior itself, can change over time, especially from adolescence to young adulthood, and between different stages of use. However, current understandings of how these components interact and change is still limited, hindering the progress of basic alcohol research as well as the potential applicability of such research to applied intervention settings. Extending previous research to examine how multiple environmental contexts and individual characteristics interact with genetic vulnerability to alcohol use in a dynamic, multifaceted system, as well as how this system changes alongside alcohol use over time, will allow for the development of more structured, focused interventions and public policies aimed at impacting drinking behavior and reducing the risks associated with alcohol use among adolescents and young adults.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)
Type
Postdoctoral Individual National Research Service Award (F32)
Project #
1F32AA023133-01A1
Application #
8836318
Study Section
Biomedical Research Review Subcommittee (AA)
Program Officer
Parsian, Abbas
Project Start
2014-09-01
Project End
2016-08-31
Budget Start
2014-09-01
Budget End
2015-08-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2014
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Missouri-Columbia
Department
Psychology
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
City
Columbia
State
MO
Country
United States
Zip Code
65211
Deutsch, Arielle R; Slutske, Wendy S; Lynskey, Michael T et al. (2017) From alcohol initiation to tolerance to problems: Discordant twin modeling of a developmental process. Dev Psychopathol 29:845-861
Deutsch, Arielle R; Wood, Phillip K; Slutske, Wendy S (2017) Developmental Etiologies of Alcohol Use and Their Relations to Parent and Peer Influences Over Adolescence and Young Adulthood: A Genetically Informed Approach. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 41:2151-2162
Deutsch, Arielle R; Steinley, Douglas; Sher, Kenneth J et al. (2017) Who's Got the Booze? The Role of Access to Alcohol in the Relations Between Social Status and Individual Use. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 78:754-762
Slutske, Wendy S; Deutsch, Arielle R; Piasecki, Thomas M (2016) Neighborhood Contextual Factors, Alcohol Use, and Alcohol Problems in the United States: Evidence From a Nationally Representative Study of Young Adults. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 40:1010-9
Richmond-Rakerd, Leah S; Slutske, Wendy S; Deutsch, Arielle R et al. (2015) Progression in substance use initiation: A multilevel discordant monozygotic twin design. J Abnorm Psychol 124:596-605
Deutsch, Arielle R; Chernyavskiy, Pavel; Steinley, Douglas et al. (2015) Measuring peer socialization for adolescent substance use: a comparison of perceived and actual friends' substance use effects. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 76:267-77