Bacteria have evolved strategies to resist host defense mechanisms including resistance to antimicrobial peptides (APs). The sap (sensitivity to antimicrobial peptides) operon plays a significant role in this defense, as demonstrated by attenuation of sap operon mutants in animal models. The hypothesis of this proposal is that the sap operon plays a significant role in nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI) survival in a chinchilla model of otitis media by maintaining resistance to APs in vivo and by up-regulating expression of specific AP resistance determinants. Expression of the sap operon during the disease course of otitis media or when exposed in vitro to chinchilla neutrophils or neutrophil granule extract will be analyzed by flow cytometry and histology. Mutations in the six genes of the NTHI sap operon will define the functional requirement for each gene in vivo. Finally, microarray analysis will be used to identify genes that determine resistance to APs as a result of sap operon expression. The data generated from these studies will significantly advance the field in understanding how NTHI adapt to the innate immune response in vivo in microenvironments encountered during disease progression and will identify novel virulence mechanisms resulting from sap operon expression that enable NTHI to survive and cause disease.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)
Type
Postdoctoral Individual National Research Service Award (F32)
Project #
1F32DC006320-01
Application #
6692403
Study Section
Communication Disorders Review Committee (CDRC)
Program Officer
Sklare, Dan
Project Start
2003-09-01
Project End
2006-08-31
Budget Start
2003-09-01
Budget End
2004-08-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2003
Total Cost
$48,148
Indirect Cost
Name
Nationwide Children's Hospital
Department
Type
DUNS #
147212963
City
Columbus
State
OH
Country
United States
Zip Code
43205
Heimlich, Derek R; Harrison, Alistair; Mason, Kevin M (2014) Host Antimicrobial Peptides in Bacterial Homeostasis and Pathogenesis of Disease. Antibiotics (Basel) 3:645-76
Mason, Kevin M; Raffel, Forrest K; Ray, William C et al. (2011) Heme utilization by nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae is essential and dependent on Sap transporter function. J Bacteriol 193:2527-35
Hong, Wenzhou; Mason, Kevin; Jurcisek, Joseph et al. (2007) Phosphorylcholine decreases early inflammation and promotes the establishment of stable biofilm communities of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae strain 86-028NP in a chinchilla model of otitis media. Infect Immun 75:958-65