Heart failure represents a major cause of morbidity and mortality among veterans. Cardiac myocyte loss due to apoptosis plays a significant role in the progression of heart failure. A major goal of my laboratory is to investigate the role of osteopontin (OPN), a matricellular protein, in the development of heart failure. Normal heart expresses low levels of OPN. OPN expression increases markedly under a variety of pathophysiological conditions of the heart. Increased OPN expression associates with increased myocyte apoptosis and myocardial dysfunction. Using streptozotocin-induced model of diabetic cardiomyopathy, we have provided evidence that increased OPN expression in myocytes associates with myocyte apoptosis and myocardial dysfunction. The molecular signals involved in OPN-stimulated cardiac myocyte apoptosis have not yet been investigated. Our preliminary data show that OPN induces apoptosis in adult rat ventricular myocytes. Neutralization of CD44 (one of the receptors for OPN) inhibited OPN-stimulated apoptosis. OPN activated merlin (a linker protein between transmembrane proteins and the actin-cytoskeleton), Mst1 (mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1), JNKs, and increased levels of cytosolic cytochrome c. Adenoviral-mediated expression of constitutively active merlin activated Mst1, JNKs and induced myocyte apoptosis. Inhibition of JNKs or DRP1 (dynamin related protein 1; a protein involved in mitochondrial fission) inhibited OPN-stimulated apoptosis. OPN treatment increased expression of Gadd-153 and activated caspase-12, suggesting a role for OPN in induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. RT2-qPCR Array analysis identified increased expression of Bik, a p53-regulated BH3-only pro-apoptotic member of Bcl-2 family capable of communicating between ER and mitochondria, in OPN-treated myocytes. Inhibition of JNKs or p53 inhibited OPN-stimulated increases in Bik expression. In vivo, expression of OPN in the adult mouse heart in a cardiac myocyte-specific manner increased myocyte apoptosis and myocardial dysfunction. We hypothesize that OPN acting via CD44 receptor activates Merlin, and activation of merlin induces ER stress and mitochondrial death pathway via the involvement of Mst1/JNK/p53/Bik pathway.
Aim 1 will determine receptor/s for OPN in myocytes, and test the hypothesis that OPN acting via CD44 receptor induces ER stress, mitochondrial death pathway, and apoptosis.
Aim 2 will test the hypotheses that interaction of OPN with CD44 receptor activates Merlin, and activation of merlin plays a pro-apoptotic role.
Aim 3 will test the hypothesis that activation of merlin plays a pro-apoptotic role via the involvement of Mst1/JNKs/p53/Bik pathway.
Aim 4 will address, in vivo, the role of OPN and CD44 in myocyte apoptosis and myocardial dysfunction using inducible transgenic mouse system that permits myocyte-specific expression of OPN in the heart, and using OPN and CD44 knockout mice. The proposed studies are vital in defining the role of OPN in myocyte apoptosis and myocardial dysfunction, and may uncover novel strategies for the treatment of heart failure.

Public Health Relevance

Heart failure represents a major cause of morbidity and mortality among veterans. Cardiac myocyte loss due to apoptosis plays a significant role in the progression of heart failure. Expression of osteopontin (OPN; a matricellular protein) increases markedly in the heart under a variety of pathophysiological conditions. Increased OPN expression, specifically in myocytes, associates with increased myocyte apoptosis and myocardial dysfunction. The objectives of this study are directed towards understanding the intracellular signals by which increased OPN expression induces cardiac myocyte apoptosis and myocardial dysfunction. The proposed studies investigating the intracellular signaling pathway involved in OPN-stimulated myocyte apoptosis and myocardial dysfunction may uncover novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of heart failure.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
Veterans Affairs (VA)
Type
Non-HHS Research Projects (I01)
Project #
5I01BX002332-04
Application #
9339539
Study Section
Cardiovascular Studies A (CARA)
Project Start
2014-07-01
Project End
2018-06-30
Budget Start
2017-07-01
Budget End
2018-06-30
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2017
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
James H Quillen VA Medical Center
Department
Type
DUNS #
098074776
City
Mountain Home
State
TN
Country
United States
Zip Code
37684
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Dalal, Suman; Zha, Qinqin; Singh, Mahipal et al. (2016) Osteopontin-stimulated apoptosis in cardiac myocytes involves oxidative stress and mitochondrial death pathway: role of a pro-apoptotic protein BIK. Mol Cell Biochem 418:1-11
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Daniel, Laura L; Scofield, Stephanie L C; Thrasher, Patsy et al. (2016) Ataxia telangiectasia-mutated kinase deficiency exacerbates left ventricular dysfunction and remodeling late after myocardial infarction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 311:H445-52
Scofield, Stephanie L C; Singh, Krishna (2016) Confirmation of Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury in Mice Using Surface Pad Electrocardiography. J Vis Exp :
Dalal, Suman; Zha, Qinqin; Daniels, Christopher R et al. (2014) Osteopontin stimulates apoptosis in adult cardiac myocytes via the involvement of CD44 receptors, mitochondrial death pathway, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 306:H1182-91

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