This is an application for a 5-year K01 award from NIAID with an emphasis particularly relevant to NIAID's goals (NOT-AI-04-033) of fostering the career development of young scientists in infectious diseases and AIDS epidemiology and outcomes research. Bryan Lau, Ph.D., will apply rigorous epidemiological and biostatistical methods to address three major research aims that are highly relevant to the current HIV care. While effective therapies have greatly reduced the mortality and morbidity due to HIV, current concerns regarding the optimization of therapy and the changes in mortality outcomes remain. Current therapeutic guidelines for HIV recommend initiating a HAART regimen at CD4 counts below 200 cells/uL and consider nitiating between 200 to 350 cells/uL Despite the therapeutic guidelines, individuals above 200 cells/uL do progress to AIDS and death. Clinical cohort studies may be useful for addressing questions related to optimization of therapy and the changes in mortality that have occurred due to therapy. However, clinical cohort studies have unstructured visit schedules allowing for individuals to potentially self-select for more frequent health-care utilization whereas the """"""""classical"""""""" cohort individuals are followed at set time-intervals. Although classical cohort study designs may not capture the fullest extent of the information with a set interval between study visits as the interval is arbitrary and not based on health care needs. The goal of this research project is to: 1) determine whether biological markers other than CD4 counts and HIV RNA levels could potentially be used to further target therapy towards individuals that need to initiate treatment and whether these markers may be utilized in monitoring treatment response; 2) quantify the changes in cause-specific mortality risk since the introduction of effective therapies; and 3) to compare potential differences in results between interval-based (classical) and clinic-based cohort studies. These goals will be accomplished by utilizing two ongoing HIV cohorts: the Johns Hopkins HIV Clinical Cohort and AIDS Link to Intravenous Experience (ALIVE).
These aims have important clinical and public health significance in that individuals may be better targeted for initiation of therapy and monitored for therapy effectiveness. Additionally, identifying changes in cause-specific mortality may help identify potential areas that require attention that may not traditionally be considered HIV-related. The K01 will provide the protected time for Dr. Lau to gain the additional mentored research experience, coursework, and involvement in HIV-related seminars and other forums that will substantially augment Dr. Lau's current research capabilities in biostatistics and epidemiology, enable him to gain an in-depth knowledge of the increasingly complex issues in clinical HIV research, and integrate these disciplines in a productive and independent research career. ? ? ?

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Research Scientist Development Award - Research & Training (K01)
Project #
5K01AI071754-02
Application #
7414515
Study Section
AIDS Clinical Studies and Epidemiology Study Section (ACE)
Program Officer
Mckaig, Rosemary G
Project Start
2007-05-01
Project End
2012-04-30
Budget Start
2008-05-01
Budget End
2009-04-30
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2008
Total Cost
$130,327
Indirect Cost
Name
Johns Hopkins University
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
001910777
City
Baltimore
State
MD
Country
United States
Zip Code
21218
Drozd, Daniel R; Kitahata, Mari M; Althoff, Keri N et al. (2017) Increased Risk of Myocardial Infarction in HIV-Infected Individuals in North America Compared With the General Population. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 75:568-576
Koethe, John R; Jenkins, Cathy A; Lau, Bryan et al. (2016) Higher Time-Updated Body Mass Index: Association With Improved CD4+ Cell Recovery on HIV Treatment. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 73:197-204
Rebeiro, Peter F; Gange, Stephen J; Horberg, Michael A et al. (2016) Geographic Variations in Retention in Care among HIV-Infected Adults in the United States. PLoS One 11:e0146119
Pettit, April C; Mendes, Adell; Jenkins, Cathy et al. (2016) Timing of Antiretroviral Treatment, Immunovirologic Status, and TB Risk: Implications for Testing and Treatment. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 72:572-8
Cesar, Carina; Koethe, John R; Giganti, Mark J et al. (2016) Health outcomes among HIV-positive Latinos initiating antiretroviral therapy in North America versus Central and South America. J Int AIDS Soc 19:20684
Klein, Marina B; Althoff, Keri N; Jing, Yuezhou et al. (2016) Risk of End-Stage Liver Disease in HIV-Viral Hepatitis Coinfected Persons in North America From the Early to Modern Antiretroviral Therapy Eras. Clin Infect Dis 63:1160-1167
Althoff, Keri N; Rebeiro, Peter F; Hanna, David B et al. (2016) A picture is worth a thousand words: maps of HIV indicators to inform research, programs, and policy from NA-ACCORD and CCASAnet clinical cohorts. J Int AIDS Soc 19:20707
Rebeiro, Peter F; Althoff, Keri N; Lau, Bryan et al. (2015) Laboratory Measures as Proxies for Primary Care Encounters: Implications for Quantifying Clinical Retention Among HIV-Infected Adults in North America. Am J Epidemiol 182:952-60
Silverberg, Michael J; Lau, Bryan; Achenbach, Chad J et al. (2015) Cumulative Incidence of Cancer Among Persons With HIV in North America: A Cohort Study. Ann Intern Med 163:507-18
Abraham, Alison G; Althoff, Keri N; Jing, Yuezhou et al. (2015) End-stage renal disease among HIV-infected adults in North America. Clin Infect Dis 60:941-9

Showing the most recent 10 out of 45 publications