The applicant, Dr. Samir S. Shah, is requesting five years of funding through the Mentored Research Scientist Development Award to enhance methodological skills required to conduct observational and interventional research on community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), a common and serious infection in children. The proposed training goals, including skills in advanced epidemiology and biostatistical methods, will allow the applicant to pursue methodologically sound, technically feasible, and innovative research approaches. The applicant's strong background of research and clinical training in pediatrics, infectious diseases, and epidemiology provides an excellent foundation for this work. The award will promote the development of Dr. Shah as an independent clinical investigator. The proposal will use an existing practice-based research network to conduct population-based cohort studies with the following specific aims: First, he will determine the incidence of and identify risk factors for adverse outcomes among children with CAP. Second, he will develop a simple and practical clinical prediction rule that would accurately predict the risk of a child with CAP developing an adverse clinical outcome. Third, the clinical prediction rule will be validated in an independent sample of ethnically and geographically diverse children, thus demonstrating its generalizability. Addressing the above specific aims will allow the identification of a high-risk population of children with CAP who may be suitable candidates for subsequent studies of therapeutic interventions (e.g., new antibiotics, immunomodulators) to improve clinical outcomes. The methods for case finding, study recruitment, data abstraction, clinical outcome validation, and patient follow-up established during this study will facilitate the conduct of future observational and interventional studies of children with CAP within this practice-based research network. The mentoring relationships, advanced formal training and education, and protected time afforded by the award will raise the sophistication, rigor, and quality of Dr. Shah's work and significantly facilitate his transition to a highly successful, independent, clinical investigator. Dr. Shah's research will improve our understanding of CAP and, from a public health perspective, will provide methods to risk stratify children with CAP and will establish a rational basis to target prevention efforts at those children at highest risk for developing CAP-related adverse clinical outcomes.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Research Scientist Development Award - Research & Training (K01)
Project #
5K01AI073729-02
Application #
7541386
Study Section
Microbiology and Infectious Diseases B Subcommittee (MID)
Program Officer
Khambaty, Farukh M
Project Start
2008-02-01
Project End
2013-01-31
Budget Start
2009-02-01
Budget End
2010-01-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2009
Total Cost
$126,792
Indirect Cost
Name
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Department
Type
DUNS #
073757627
City
Philadelphia
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
19104
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Murtagh Kurowski, Eileen; Shah, Samir S; Thomson, Joanna et al. (2015) Improvement methodology increases guideline recommended blood cultures in children with pneumonia. Pediatrics 135:e1052-9
Ambroggio, Lilliam; Test, Matthew; Metlay, Joshua P et al. (2015) Comparative Effectiveness of Beta-lactam Versus Macrolide Monotherapy in Children with Pneumonia Diagnosed in the Outpatient Setting. Pediatr Infect Dis J 34:839-42
Thomson, Joanna; Ambroggio, Lilliam; Murtagh Kurowski, Eileen et al. (2015) Hospital outcomes associated with guideline-recommended antibiotic therapy for pediatric pneumonia. J Hosp Med 10:13-8
Ambroggio, Lilliam; Thomson, Joanna; Murtagh Kurowski, Eileen et al. (2013) Quality improvement methods increase appropriate antibiotic prescribing for childhood pneumonia. Pediatrics 131:e1623-31
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McGuire, Jennifer L; Zorc, Joseph; Licht, Daniel et al. (2012) Herpes simplex testing in neonates in the emergency department. Pediatr Emerg Care 28:949-55
Ambroggio, Lilliam; Tabb, Loni Philip; O'Meara, Timothy et al. (2012) Influence of antibiotic susceptibility patterns on empiric antibiotic prescribing for children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia. Pediatr Infect Dis J 31:331-6

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