The aim of this career development proposal is to allow the applicant to acquire the skills necessary to characterize neurodevelopmental abnormalities associated with adolescents at risk for schizophrenia. ? ? Schizophrenia is a highly debilitating and complex disorder marked by severe abnormalities in cognitive function, particularly working memory. The illness may be mediated by neurodevelopmental abnormalities and by genetic factors. Studies of neurodevelopment in adolescent first-degree relatives who are at significantly elevated risk for developing the illness promise to help better elucidate the premorbid diatheses of the illness. This proposal will use fMRI to investigate working memory abnormalities in adolescent first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients. The use of fMRI will facilitate an understanding of alterations in the functional neuroarchitecture of these subjects and fill a lacuna in the present understanding of the precursors of the illness. The analysis of the fMRI data will focus on identifying regions of aberrant activation, as well as probing functional disconnections between regions of the brain. Relationships between aberrant fMRI activation and structural alterations in the brain will also be explored. ? ? During the course of this award, the applicant will obtain training in: 1) understanding developmental neuroscience during the period of adolescence, 2) the use of fMRI for the study of adolescent high-risk populations 3) understanding of the clinical issues associated with schizophrenia, particularly its premorbid and prodromal phases, 4) understanding of statistical, ethical and epidemiological issues associated with the field neuropsychiatric research. By the conclusion of the award, the applicant expects to emerge as an expert on the application of neuroimaging to the study of the neurobiological precursors of schizophrenia. The proposal's focus promises to provide better insights into the developmental neurobiology of the illness and the contributions of development and genetics. The data will help the applicant develop larger projects during the concluding years of the award period that may help in the development of psychosocial and psychopharmacologic interventions in adolescents at risk for schizophrenia. ? ?

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Type
Research Scientist Development Award - Research & Training (K01)
Project #
5K01MH068680-03
Application #
6932057
Study Section
Biobehavioral and Behavioral Processes 3 (BBBP)
Program Officer
Boyce, Cheryl A
Project Start
2003-08-20
Project End
2006-06-30
Budget Start
2005-08-01
Budget End
2006-06-30
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2005
Total Cost
$111,722
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Pittsburgh
Department
Psychiatry
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
004514360
City
Pittsburgh
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
15213
Jagtap, Pranav; Diwadkar, Vaibhav A (2016) Effective connectivity of ascending and descending frontalthalamic pathways during sustained attention: Complex brain network interactions in adolescence. Hum Brain Mapp 37:2557-70
Diwadkar, Vaibhav A; Murphy, Eric R; Freedman, Robert R (2014) Temporal sequencing of brain activations during naturally occurring thermoregulatory events. Cereb Cortex 24:3006-13
Barbour, Tracy; Pruitt, Patrick; Diwadkar, Vaibhav A (2012) fMRI responses to emotional faces in children and adolescents at genetic risk for psychiatric illness share some of the features of depression. J Affect Disord 136:276-85
Diwadkar, Vaibhav A; Pruitt, Patrick; Zhang, Allison et al. (2012) The neural correlates of performance in adolescents at risk for schizophrenia: inefficiently increased cortico-striatal responses measured with fMRI. J Psychiatr Res 46:12-21
Diwadkar, Vaibhav A; Pruitt, Patrick; Goradia, Dhruman et al. (2011) Fronto-parietal hypo-activation during working memory independent of structural abnormalities: conjoint fMRI and sMRI analyses in adolescent offspring of schizophrenia patients. Neuroimage 58:234-41
Banyai, Mihaly; Diwadkar, Vaibhav A; Erdi, Peter (2011) Model-based dynamical analysis of functional disconnection in schizophrenia. Neuroimage 58:870-7
Diwadkar, Vaibhav A; Segel, Jamie; Pruitt, Patrick et al. (2011) Hypo-activation in the executive core of the sustained attention network in adolescent offspring of schizophrenia patients mediated by premorbid functional deficits. Psychiatry Res 192:91-9
Bakshi, Neil; Pruitt, Patrick; Radwan, Jacqueline et al. (2011) Inefficiently increased anterior cingulate modulation of cortical systems during working memory in young offspring of schizophrenia patients. J Psychiatr Res 45:1067-76
Brambilla, Paolo; Cerruti, Stefania; Bellani, Marcella et al. (2011) Shared impairment in associative learning in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 35:1093-9
Diwadkar, Vaibhav A; Goradia, Dhruman; Hosanagar, Avinash et al. (2011) Working memory and attention deficits in adolescent offspring of schizophrenia or bipolar patients: comparing vulnerability markers. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 35:1349-54

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