My long term goal is to better understand the pharmacology of the drugs of abuse in the developing fetus. This requires a comprehensive study of the pharmacokinetics of the drug in the maternal-fetal unit, the pharmacodynamics of the drug on the mother and fetus, and its mechanisms of action. My research efforts, so far, have concentrated on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic effects of opiates and marijuana in the ovine maternal-fetal unit. My plans for the next 5 years are to investigate the mechanisms of action of morphine in the fetus and to explore some of the possible reasons that may account for the more pronounced excitatory action of morphine in the fetus. It is proposed that the multiple actions of morphine on fetal neurobehavior and cardiorespiratory function may be mediated by different opiate receptor subtypes, and that differences between morphine's action in the fetus and adult may be due to differences in the proportion of the various subtypes of opiate receptors in the fetal brain and adrenal. It is also proposed that the more pronounced excitatory action of morphine in the fetus may be due to a lower proportion of enkephalin peptides to catecholamines in the fetal adrenal medulla. The testing of these hypotheses would require different techniques that are currently not available in my laboratory, such as receptor binding techniques and peptide quantitation. It is my intention to seek advice from, and work closely with, investigators who are actively involved in these areas. These expertise are available within our department. It is also my plan to continue my effort in directing a consortium project to study the effects of marijuana smoke exposure during pregnancy. This is a multidisciplinary project involving a number of investigators from other institutions. Our plan is to investigate the mechanisms by which prenatal marijuana smoke exposure results in intrauterine growth retardation and premature labor.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Type
Research Scientist Development Award - Research (K02)
Project #
5K02DA000100-09
Application #
3069438
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (SRCD (19))
Project Start
1983-12-01
Project End
1993-11-30
Budget Start
1991-12-01
Budget End
1992-11-30
Support Year
9
Fiscal Year
1992
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Weill Medical College of Cornell University
Department
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
201373169
City
New York
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
10065
Szeto, H H (1991) Morphine-induced activation of fetal EEG is mediated via central muscarinic pathways. Am J Physiol 260:R509-17
Szeto, H H; Hinman, D J (1990) Central muscarinic modulation of fetal blood pressure and heart rate. J Dev Physiol 13:17-23
Szeto, H H; Zhu, Y S; Cai, L Q (1990) Central opioid modulation of fetal cardiovascular function: role of mu- and delta-receptors. Am J Physiol 258:R1453-8
McNerney, M E; Szeto, H H (1990) Automated identification and quantitation of four patterns of electrocortical activity in the near-term fetal lamb. Pediatr Res 28:106-10
Zhu, Y S; Szeto, H H (1989) Morphine-induced tachycardia in fetal lambs: a bell-shaped dose-response curve. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 249:78-82
Hinman, D J; Szeto, H H (1988) Cholinergic influences on sleep-wake patterns and breathing movements in the fetus. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 247:372-8
Szeto, H H; Zhu, Y S; Umans, J G et al. (1988) Dual action of morphine on fetal breathing movements. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 245:537-42
Szeto, H H; Zhu, Y S; Amione, J et al. (1988) Prenatal morphine exposure and sleep-wake disturbances in the fetus. Sleep 11:121-30
Zhu, Y S; Szeto, H H (1987) Cyclic variation in fetal heart rate and sympathetic activity. Am J Obstet Gynecol 156:1001-5
Umans, J G; Umans, H R; Szeto, H H (1986) Effects of thyrotropin-releasing hormone in the fetal lamb. Am J Obstet Gynecol 155:1266-71

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