Abstract

This project involves examination of the toxicologic effects of single and repeated exposures to sulfuric acid mist, nitrogen dioxide, or ozone upon nonspecific defense mechanisms of the lung, using the rabbit as an animal model. The basic mechanisms examined are reflex bronchoconstriction, mucociliary clearance from the tracheobronchial tree, and alveolar macrophage-mediated clearance from the repiratory region. Clearance is studied in unsedated animals using radioactively tagged tracer aerosols. Specific functional aspects of macrophages will be examined in vitro following in vivo exposures. In addition, histological analyses of lung tissue will be performed. Results of the macrophage and tissue assays will be related to overall clearance effectiveness. This study will provide information on the role of three major ambient air pollutants in altering essential lung defenses; such changes may be early stages in the progression towards chronic obstructive lung disease.

  Funding Agency

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)
Type
Modified Research Career Development Award (K04)
Project #
5K04ES000108-04
Application #
3072662
Study Section
Toxicology Study Section (TOX)
Project Start
1983-07-01
Project End
1988-06-30
Budget Start
1986-07-01
Budget End
1987-06-30
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
1986
Total Cost
Indirect Cost

  Institution

Name
New York University
Department
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
004514360
City
New York
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
10012

  Publications

Schlesinger, R B (1989) Factors affecting the response of lung clearance systems to acid aerosols: role of exposure concentration, exposure time, and relative acidity. Environ Health Perspect 79:121-6
Schlesinger, R B (1989) Comparative toxicity of ambient air pollutants: some aspects related to lung defense. Environ Health Perspect 81:123-8
Gearhart, J M; Schlesinger, R B (1989) Sulfuric acid-induced changes in the physiology and structure of the tracheobronchial airways. Environ Health Perspect 79:127-36
Driscoll, K E; Schlesinger, R B (1988) Alveolar macrophage-stimulated neutrophil and monocyte migration: effects of in vitro ozone exposure. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 93:312-8
Gearhart, J M; Schlesinger, R B (1988) Response of the tracheobronchial mucociliary clearance system to repeated irritant exposure: effect of sulfuric acid mist on function and structure. Exp Lung Res 14:587-605
Schlesinger, R B (1987) Intermittent inhalation of nitrogen dioxide: effects on rabbit alveolar macrophages. J Toxicol Environ Health 21:127-39
Schlesinger, R B; Driscoll, K E (1987) Mucociliary clearance from the lungs of rabbits following single and intermittent exposures to ozone. J Toxicol Environ Health 20:125-34
Schlesinger, R B (1987) Effects of intermittent inhalation exposures to mixed atmospheres of NO2 and H2SO4 on rabbit alveolar macrophages. J Toxicol Environ Health 22:301-12
Schlesinger, R B; Gearhart, J M (1987) Intermittent exposures to mixed atmospheres of nitrogen dioxide and sulfuric acid: effect on particle clearance from the respiratory region of rabbit lungs. Toxicology 44:309-19
Schlesinger, R B (1987) Functional assessment of rabbit alveolar macrophages following intermittent inhalation exposures to sulfuric acid mist. Fundam Appl Toxicol 8:328-34

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