Some patients with chronic brain lesions suffer from language deficits due to structural or functional disruption of language circuits, while others have normal language function. It has been postulated that the brains of those with preserved language (despite longstanding structural or focal electrical lesions due to frequent seizures in areas typically considered crucial for language) have undergone a shift of language processing indicative of cortical plasticity. Such reorganization in response to brain injury is believed to be dependent on identifiable factors including age at onset of pathology, presence/location of structural lesions, and gender. This proposal aims to identify the factors that allow for shifts of language-related cortex in response to chronic electrical and/or structural brain lesions. I will perform functional MRI (fMRI) studies to non-invasively examine cortical activation during three language tasks: i) single word repetition, ii) single word oral reading and iii) picture naming. The three subject groups investigated will include normal controls, patients with medically intractable seizures, and patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). The lesion literature and functional imaging of normals will be used to delineate the normal range of cortex involved in each language function. The regions identified via fMRI of patients will then be compared to these task specific ranges of localization norms to determine which patients demonstrate reorganization of language cortex. The age at onset of pathology, the presence/site of any structural brain lesion, and gender of each patient will then be analyzed and conclusions drawn regarding the role that each of these factors plays in the brain?s ability to undergo reorganization of language-related cortex. Such information will be useful in guiding therapy for patients with both chronic and acute brain lesions, which potentially affect language-related areas.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)
Type
Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award (K23)
Project #
1K23DC005068-01A1
Application #
6473082
Study Section
Communication Disorders Review Committee (CDRC)
Program Officer
Sklare, Dan
Project Start
2002-05-20
Project End
2007-04-30
Budget Start
2002-05-20
Budget End
2003-04-30
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2002
Total Cost
$200,286
Indirect Cost
Name
Johns Hopkins University
Department
Neurology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
045911138
City
Baltimore
State
MD
Country
United States
Zip Code
21218
Finkbeiner, Matthew; Slotnick, Scott D; Moo, Lauren R et al. (2007) Involuntary capture of attention produces domain-specific activation. Neuroreport 18:975-9
Slotnick, Scott D; Moo, Lauren R (2006) Prefrontal cortex hemispheric specialization for categorical and coordinate visual spatial memory. Neuropsychologia 44:1560-8
Shapiro, Kevin A; Moo, Lauren R; Caramazza, Alfonso (2006) Cortical signatures of noun and verb production. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:1644-9
Caplan, David; Moo, Lauren (2004) Cognitive conjunction and cognitive functions. Neuroimage 21:751-6
Slotnick, Scott D; Moo, Lauren R (2003) Retinotopic mapping reveals extrastriate cortical basis of homonymous quadrantanopia. Neuroreport 14:1209-13