Aortic stenosis is a highly prevalent disease among elderly patients and causes reduced life expectancy, poor quality of life (QoL), and increased healthcare costs. In the setting of severe, symptomatic aortic stenosis, valve replacement is the mainstay of treatment, which has traditionally meant open-heart surgery. Recently, transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has emerged as a less-invasive approach to valve replacement, and is particularly attractive in elderly patients with multiple comorbidities. n the Placement of AoRTic TraNscathetER Valve (PARTNER) Trial, which randomized patients too ill to undergo surgery to medical therapy or TAVR, TAVR patients had improved survival and better QoL than those receiving medical therapy alone. Despite the benefits of TAVR, nearly 1/3 were dead within 1 year of treatment, and approximately half did not benefit from TAVR (either dead or no QoL improvement at 1 year). Given the upfront risks and costs of TAVR, identifying patients, prior to the procedure, who are unlikely to benefit can enable patients and practitioners to make a more informed decision about whether or not to undergo the procedure. Using data from the PARTNER trial and other ongoing prospective studies, we will build economic and QoL prediction models to support the most efficient use of this emerging technology. In order to accomplish these goals, we plan to use both multivariable statistical and decision analytic models of survival, QoL and costs try to clarify the potential risks and benefits of particular patients undergoing TAVR, thus quantifying the heterogeneity of treatment benefits and enabling these estimates to be calculated on a patient-by-patient basis. We then plan to feed this information back to patients and practitioners at the time when the treatment decision is being made using a novel web-based technology that can generate individualized estimates of patients' predicted risks and outcomes. These estimates of clinical outcomes (e.g. QoL) can then be incorporated into patient-specific shared decision-making tools. Providing these data prospectively to patients and practitioners will support a novel dialogue, based on the evidence-based, projected outcomes of the individual patient. In addition, the economic models can support policy decisions that allocate TAVR in the most cost-effective manner. Altogether, these studies will allow for the most effective and efficient application of this exciting and innovative medical technology.

Public Health Relevance

With this project, we aim to understand how transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) can be applied most efficiently and effectively at both a population and a patient level through empirically validated models that predict a range of long-term outcomes after treatment of severe aortic stenosis. Beyond the benefits applying to TAVR, this multi-faceted exploration can serve as a model for the rational evaluation and dissemination of emerging technologies-one that allows for the application of therapies to the patients most likely to benefit and saves patients from unnecessary and potentially harmful interventions. The ability to prospectively apply our models in decision-making epitomizes the triple aim of healthcare reform: improved outcomes, better healthcare and lower costs.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award (K23)
Project #
5K23HL116799-04
Application #
9269246
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZHL1)
Program Officer
Scott, Jane
Project Start
2014-05-01
Project End
2019-04-30
Budget Start
2017-05-01
Budget End
2018-04-30
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2017
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Saint Luke's Hospital
Department
Type
DUNS #
073039653
City
Kansas City
State
MO
Country
United States
Zip Code
64111
Arnold, Suzanne V; Cohen, David J; Dai, David et al. (2018) Predicting Quality of Life at 1 Year After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in a Real-World Population. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 11:e004693
Arnold, Suzanne V; O'Brien, Sean M; Vemulapalli, Sreekanth et al. (2018) Inclusion of Functional Status Measures in the Risk Adjustment of 30-Day Mortality After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Report From the Society of Thoracic Surgeons/American College of Cardiology TVT Registry. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 11:581-589
Brennan, J Matthew; Thomas, Laine; Cohen, David J et al. (2017) Transcatheter Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement: Propensity-Matched Comparison. J Am Coll Cardiol 70:439-450
Nassif, Michael E; Tang, Yuanyuan; Cleland, John G et al. (2017) Precision Medicine for Cardiac Resynchronization: Predicting Quality of Life Benefits for Individual Patients-An Analysis From 5 Clinical Trials. Circ Heart Fail 10:
Fendler, Timothy J; Nassif, Michael E; Kennedy, Kevin F et al. (2017) Global Outcome in Patients With Left Ventricular Assist Devices. Am J Cardiol 119:1069-1073
Baron, Suzanne J; Arnold, Suzanne V; Wang, Kaijun et al. (2017) Health Status Benefits of Transcatheter vs Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis at Intermediate Surgical Risk: Results From the PARTNER 2 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Cardiol 2:837-845
Arnold, Suzanne V; Spertus, John A; Vemulapalli, Sreekanth et al. (2017) Quality-of-Life Outcomes After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in an Unselected Population: A Report From the STS/ACC Transcatheter Valve Therapy Registry. JAMA Cardiol 2:409-416
Baron, Suzanne J; Arnold, Suzanne V; Reynolds, Matthew R et al. (2017) Durability of quality of life benefits of transcatheter aortic valve replacement: Long-term results from the CoreValve US extreme risk trial. Am Heart J 194:39-48
Arnold, Suzanne V (2017) Frail Elderly, the Ideal Patients for MitraClip. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 10:1930-1931
Nassif, Michael E; Spertus, John A; Jones, Philip G et al. (2017) Changes in disease-specific versus generic health status measures after left ventricular assist device implantation: Insights from INTERMACS. J Heart Lung Transplant 36:1243-1249

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