Characterized by intermittent airway closure during sleep, OSA is extremely prevalent, afflicting 2-4% of Americans. If left untreated, a large body of evidence convincingly shows that OSA can lead to daytime hypertension. In fact, 20-30% of patients with OSA will have hypertension, and 40% of patients with hypertension have occult OSA. The question then is how to identify patients who have OSA from among this high-risk population of individuals with hypertension. Polysomnography (PSG), the current diagnostic gold standard, is expensive and inconvenient. Several simple techniques to screen for OSA are available: questionnaires, craniofacial measurements, nocturnal oximetry and airflow monitoring devices. However, no one has compared their relative efficacies or costs in one unified population. The investigator proposes to compare these screening tools against full PSG's in a cohort of patients at high risk for OSA, i.e., outpatients with hypertension. Among the cases of OSA subsequently identified, the applicant next proposes to evaluate outcomes of treatment of OSA with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in a randomized, placebo- controlled trial.
The specific aims, therefore, are: 1) to compare the accuracy of several screening strategies for OSA in outpatients with hypertension; 2) to determine their relative economic costs; and 3) to determine the effect of CPAP therapy on blood pressure (BP) and sympathetic activity during sleep and awake states in OSA patients with hypertension. These projects are extraordinarily important. They have the potential to lead to dramatic changes in the approach to management of the patient with hypertension. Along with a complementary program of didactic training, they will constitute a strong foundation of experience for the applicant in her goal of becoming an independent clinical investigator.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Center for Research Resources (NCRR)
Type
Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award (K23)
Project #
5K23RR016068-04
Application #
6617872
Study Section
National Center for Research Resources Initial Review Group (RIRG)
Program Officer
Wilde, David B
Project Start
2000-08-01
Project End
2005-07-31
Budget Start
2003-08-01
Budget End
2004-07-31
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2003
Total Cost
$129,347
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Pennsylvania
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
042250712
City
Philadelphia
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
19104
Gurubhagavatula, Indira; Fields, Barry G; Morales, Christian R et al. (2013) Screening for severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in hypertensive outpatients. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 15:279-88
Morales, Christian R; Hurley, Sharon; Wick, Lindsay C et al. (2012) In-home, self-assembled sleep studies are useful in diagnosing sleep apnea in the elderly. Sleep 35:1491-501
Gurubhagavatula, Indira; Nkwuo, Jonathan E; Maislin, Greg et al. (2008) Estimated cost of crashes in commercial drivers supports screening and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. Accid Anal Prev 40:104-15
Gurubhagavatula, Indira; Maislin, Greg; Nkwuo, Jonathan E et al. (2004) Occupational screening for obstructive sleep apnea in commercial drivers. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 170:371-6