The long-term goal of the candidate is to pursue a career in academic medicine in the field of endocrinology and metabolism with a specific research goal of becoming an independent researcher in the area of fuel metabolism and obesity. The candidate's immediate goals are to develop the strong foundation and skills necessary for the transition to an independent research career. The Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award will help to enable the candidate to reach these short-term goals by completing the proposed studies and following the specific career development plan outlined. In addition, the institution and mentors provide an outstanding and supportive environment. The goal of the proposed research project is to gain a better understanding of the effects of short-term overfeeding on nutrient metabolism. Obesity is a serious and growing public health problem in the U.S. The pathophysiological processes that underlie this increasing prevalence of obesity have not been clearly defined but likely involve faulty interactions between environmental factors, which favor positive energy balance, with biological weight regulatory systems in genetically """"""""at risk"""""""" individuals. Individuals who are genetically predisposed to leanness in the current environment may be able to sense and respond to excess energy intake more rapidly and accurately than those predisposed to obesity. It is hypothesized that lean individuals develop transient insulin resistance in response to overfeeding and may preferentially deliver dietary fat to oxidatively active tissues, leading to increased fat oxidation. This may also be associated with an increased sense of satiety in these individuals as well. The end result is that these mechanisms will protect lean individuals from excessive weight gain. To test these ideas, studies of lean and reduced-obese subjects, following a three-day period of overfeeding 50% above basal caloric requirements, are proposed. Specifically, studies on the insulin sensitivity of lipolysis, glucose disposal, and glucose production using insulin clamp and tracer techniques, as well as tracer meal studies examining the metabolic fate of labeled glucose and fatty acids, are proposed. These studies will include indirect calorimetry, tracer oxidation, limb balance, and tissue sampling to give a comprehensive view of meal associated nutrient metabolism. Complementary studies on the effects of overfeeding on satiety and palatability are also proposed. These studies will provide insight into the biology that predisposes to weight gain and regain and will lay the groundwork for future studies of the abnormalities in nutrient metabolism that exist in obese and preobese individuals.
| Tregellas, Jason R; Wylie, Korey P; Rojas, Donald C et al. (2011) Altered default network activity in obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 19:2316-21 |
| Cornier, Marc-Andre (2011) Is your brain to blame for weight regain? Physiol Behav 104:608-12 |
| Cornier, Marc-Andre; Salzberg, Andrea K; Endly, Dawnielle C et al. (2010) Sex-based differences in the behavioral and neuronal responses to food. Physiol Behav 99:538-43 |
| Cornier, Marc-Andre (2009) The effects of overfeeding and propensity to weight gain on the neuronal responses to visual food cues. Physiol Behav 97:525-30 |
| Cornier, Marc-Andre; Salzberg, Andrea K; Endly, Dawnielle C et al. (2009) The effects of overfeeding on the neuronal response to visual food cues in thin and reduced-obese individuals. PLoS One 4:e6310 |
| Cornier, Marc-Andre; Von Kaenel, Sandra S; Bessesen, Daniel H et al. (2007) Effects of overfeeding on the neuronal response to visual food cues. Am J Clin Nutr 86:965-71 |
| Bergman, Bryan C; Cornier, Marc-Andre; Horton, Tracy J et al. (2007) Effects of fasting on insulin action and glucose kinetics in lean and obese men and women. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 293:E1103-11 |
| Cornier, Marc-Andre; Bergman, Bryan C; Bessesen, Daniel H (2006) The effects of short-term overfeeding on insulin action in lean and reduced-obese individuals. Metabolism 55:1207-14 |
| Cornier, M-A; Bessesen, D H; Gurevich, I et al. (2006) Nutritional upregulation of p85alpha expression is an early molecular manifestation of insulin resistance. Diabetologia 49:748-54 |
| Cornier, Marc-Andre; Donahoo, W Troy; Pereira, Rocio et al. (2005) Insulin sensitivity determines the effectiveness of dietary macronutrient composition on weight loss in obese women. Obes Res 13:703-9 |
Showing the most recent 10 out of 11 publications
