Pituitary function is rarely considered in the care of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Yet, TBI poses significant risk to pituitary function given the gland's encasement within the sella, its delicate infundibular-hypothalamic structures and vulnerable vascular supply. Autopsy studies of fatal head injury victims confirm that up to one-third of patients sustain acute pituitary necrosis. The investigators and other investigators have documented chronic pituitary failure in long-term follow up studies of TBI subjects. The purpose of this study is to define acute post-traumatic changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenocortical axis given that this hormonal axis is essential for survival, particularly in times of critical illness such as head injury. The major hypotheses to be tested in this study are: 1) a significant proportion of TBI victims suffer from unrecognized ASAI; 2) that ASAI results primarily from hypothalamic-pituitary hypoperfusion; 3) that the consequences of ASAI are systemic hypotension, increased vasopressor requirements and increased levels of serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proinflammatory cytokines; and 4) that treatment of individuals with ASAI with acute stress doses of glucocorticoids will improve blood pressure control, decrease CSF cytokine levels, shorten intensive care unit stay and improve neurological outcome. To test these hypotheses, they will first compare serial serum cortisol and ACTH levels over the first 10 days after injury in TBI versus matched non-TBI multiple trauma subjects to define ASAI. Next, TBI patients found to have inappropriately low cortisol levels that met criteria of ASAI, will be randomized to 48 hours of placebo or hydrocortisone therapy and changes in hemodynamics, cytokine levels, and neurological outcome will be measured. Pituitary/hypothalamic magnetic resonance imagings (MRIs) will be performed to assess for acute structural lesions and chronic pituitary volumetric changes. By diagnosing and treating acute traumatic neuroendocrine deficiency, this study may lead to dramatically improved management and neurological outcome of many future TBI patients. This proposal will help the candidate develop the theoretical and practical research skills necessary for an independent career in clinical investigation. The project will be done at two scientifically rich institutions supported by two GCRCs under the guidance of two experienced mentors from two different subspecialties appropriate for the study and the candidate's career development. Formal research instruction via the K30 Graduate Program at UCLA and courses at Harbor UCLA will complement the candidate's firm background in clinical medicine and endocrinology and enable him to successfully pursue a career as a clinical investigator in the field of neuroendocrinology.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Center for Research Resources (NCRR)
Type
Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award (K23)
Project #
5K23RR017298-02
Application #
6661974
Study Section
National Center for Research Resources Initial Review Group (RIRG)
Program Officer
Wilde, David B
Project Start
2002-09-30
Project End
2007-08-31
Budget Start
2003-09-01
Budget End
2004-08-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2003
Total Cost
$133,800
Indirect Cost
Name
La Biomed Research Institute/ Harbor UCLA Medical Center
Department
Type
DUNS #
069926962
City
Torrance
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
90502
Wagner, Justin; Dusick, Joshua R; McArthur, David L et al. (2010) Acute gonadotroph and somatotroph hormonal suppression after traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma 27:1007-19
Bavisetty, Sumati; Bavisetty, Supriya; McArthur, David L et al. (2008) Chronic hypopituitarism after traumatic brain injury: risk assessment and relationship to outcome. Neurosurgery 62:1080-93;discussion 1093-4
Kelly, Daniel F; McArthur, David L; Levin, Harvey et al. (2006) Neurobehavioral and quality of life changes associated with growth hormone insufficiency after complicated mild, moderate, or severe traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma 23:928-42
Cohan, Pejman; Wang, Christina; McArthur, David L et al. (2005) Acute secondary adrenal insufficiency after traumatic brain injury: a prospective study. Crit Care Med 33:2358-66
Qu, Xiao-Dan; Gaw Gonzalo, Irene T; Al Sayed, Mohammed Y et al. (2005) Influence of body mass index and gender on growth hormone (GH) responses to GH-releasing hormone plus arginine and insulin tolerance tests. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90:1563-9