The applicant is an Associate Professor of Medicine in the Division of Infectious Diseases, an Associate Professor of Epidemiology in the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, and a Senior Scholar at the Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. He is an established clinical investigator with an extensive track record as the Principal Investigator of peer- reviewed federal funding. The candidate has developed a highly successful and innovative patient-oriented research program focusing on the epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance. He also has a clear record of accomplishment and commitment to mentoring the next generation of patient-oriented researchers. He has played a critical role in building clinical research training opportunities through expansion of research training programs, course development and instruction, and individual mentoring. The University of Pennsylvania is committed to providing the applicant with a strong environment for patient-oriented research and mentoring, including multiple institutional training grants, an institutional Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) program, an extraordinarily successful Master of Science in Clinical Epidemiology (MSCE) training program, and outstanding laboratory, biostatistics, and data management support. One of the applicant's current R01s is a prospective cohort study examining the epidemiology of gastrointestinal tract colonization with fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli (FQREC) in long-term care facility (LTCF) residents. While this study focuses on several critical steps in the ultimate development of clinical FQREC infection, the earliest aspects of this pathway of colonization (i.e., the progression of an E. constrain from FQ-susceptible to FQ-resistant) remain unstudied. Elucidation of these earlier steps in the evolution of FQ resistance is critical in identifying key patient variables (e.g., antibiotic use) and organism variables (e.g., virulence factors) which may be amenable to intervention. Indeed, this application represents a powerful human model for studying evolution of antibiotic resistance in the clinical setting. With its established infrastructure and unique longitudinal patient cohort, the ongoing LTCF R01 study provides a distinctive opportunity to answer the important new questions proposed in this application. Furthermore, the new proposed research will expand considerably the scope of the ongoing LTCF R01. This unique research infrastructure will also offer valuable research and mentoring opportunities for the applicant's trainees. Support from the K24 will allow the candidate to substantially expand his research program and considerable track record of successful individual mentoring in patient-oriented research focused on antimicrobial resistance.

Public Health Relevance

Dramatic increases in antimicrobial resistance threaten our most commonly used antibiotics. The research proposed in this application will advance our understanding of the forces driving resistance, thereby identifying strategies to curb further emergence of resistance. Support from a K24 award will provide Dr. Lautenbach with sufficient time to expand his research program and build on his considerable track record of successful mentoring in patient-oriented research focused on antimicrobial resistance.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Midcareer Investigator Award in Patient-Oriented Research (K24)
Project #
5K24AI080942-03
Application #
8013333
Study Section
Microbiology and Infectious Diseases B Subcommittee (MID)
Program Officer
Korpela, Jukka K
Project Start
2009-02-15
Project End
2014-01-31
Budget Start
2011-02-01
Budget End
2012-01-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$186,014
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Pennsylvania
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
042250712
City
Philadelphia
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
19104
Anesi, Judith A; Lautenbach, Ebbing; Nachamkin, Irving et al. (2018) Poor clinical outcomes associated with community-onset urinary tract infections due to extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 39:1431-1435
Cluzet, V C; Gerber, J S; Nachamkin, I et al. (2017) Factors associated with persistent colonisation with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Epidemiol Infect 145:1409-1417
Rattanaumpawan, Pinyo; Nachamkin, Irving; Bilker, Warren B et al. (2017) High fluoroquinolone MIC is associated with fluoroquinolone treatment failure in urinary tract infections caused by fluoroquinolone susceptible Escherichia coli. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 16:25
Shahbazian, J H; Hahn, P D; Ludwig, S et al. (2017) Multidrug and mupirocin resistance in environmental methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) collected from the homes of people diagnosed with a community-onset (CO-) MRSA infection. Appl Environ Microbiol :
Han, Jennifer H; Garrigan, Charles; Johnston, Brian et al. (2017) Epidemiology and characteristics of Escherichia coli sequence type 131 (ST131) from long-term care facility residents colonized intestinally with fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 87:275-280
Kelly, Brendan J; Lautenbach, Ebbing; Nachamkin, Irving et al. (2016) Combined biomarkers discriminate a low likelihood of bacterial infection among surgical intensive care unit patients with suspected sepsis. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 85:109-15
Anesi, Judith A; Lautenbach, Ebbing; Nachamkin, Irving et al. (2016) Clinical and Molecular Characterization of Community-Onset Urinary Tract Infections Due to Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 37:1433-1439
Cluzet, Valerie C; Gerber, Jeffrey S; Metlay, Joshua P et al. (2016) The Effect of Total Household Decolonization on Clearance of Colonization With Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 37:1226-33
Goodman, Katherine E; Lessler, Justin; Cosgrove, Sara E et al. (2016) A Clinical Decision Tree to Predict Whether a Bacteremic Patient Is Infected With an Extended-Spectrum ?-Lactamase-Producing Organism. Clin Infect Dis 63:896-903
Davis, Meghan F; Misic, Ana M; Morris, Daniel O et al. (2015) Genome sequencing reveals strain dynamics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the same household in the context of clinical disease in a person and a dog. Vet Microbiol 180:304-7

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